Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1)

Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 711, pp. A3

Abstract

This paper describes the near-infrared processing function (NIR PF) that processes NIR images from the Near-Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer (NISP) instrument on board the Euclid satellite. NIR PF consists of three main components: (i) a common pre-processing stage for both photometric (NIR) and spectroscopic (SIR) data to remove instrumental effects; (ii) astrometric and photometric calibration of NIR data, along with catalogue extraction; and (iii) resampling and stacking. The necessary calibration products are generated using dedicated pipelines that process observations from both the early performance verification (PV) phase in 2023 and the nominal survey operations. After outlining the pipelineś structure and algorithms, we describe its application to Euclid Q1 images. For Q1, we achieved an astrometric accuracy of 5–8 mas, a relative photometric accuracy of 5 mmag, along with an absolute flux calibration limited by the 1% uncertainty of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) CALSPEC database. We characterised the point spread function (PSF), which we found to be very stable across the focal plane. Finally, we discuss current limitations of NIR PF that will be improved upon for future data releases.

Authors 100

1. Gianluca Polenta

   Agenzia Spaziale Italiana

   Affiliation as printed

   Space Science Data Center, Italian Space Agency

2. M. Frailis

   National Institute for Astrophysics · Trieste Astronomical Observatory

   Affiliation as printed

   INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste

3. Anahita Alavi

   California Institute of Technology · Infrared Processing and Analysis Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Caltech/IPAC

4. P. N. Appleton

   California Institute of Technology · Infrared Processing and Analysis Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Caltech/IPAC

   Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology

5. Petra Awad

   Leiden University · Leiden Observatory

   Affiliation as printed

   Leiden Observatory, Leiden University

6. Andrea Bonchi

   Agenzia Spaziale Italiana

   Affiliation as printed

   Space Science Data Center, Italian Space Agency

7. R. J. Bouwens

   Leiden University · Leiden Observatory

   Affiliation as printed

   Leiden Observatory, Leiden University

8. L. Bramante
   Affiliation as printed

   Aerospace Logistics Technology Engineering Company

9. D. Busonero

   National Institute for Astrophysics · Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

   Affiliation as printed

   INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

10. Giorgio Calderone

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Trieste Astronomical Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste

11. F Cogato

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics · University of Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Augusto Righi” – Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

12. Simon Conseil

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Lyon 1 Université · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822

13. M. Correnti

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Agenzia Spaziale Italiana · Astronomical Observatory of Rome

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma

    Space Science Data Center, Italian Space Agency

14. R da Silva

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Agenzia Spaziale Italiana · Astronomical Observatory of Rome

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma

    Space Science Data Center, Italian Space Agency

15. I. Das

    California Institute of Technology · Infrared Processing and Analysis Center

    Affiliation as printed

    Caltech/IPAC

16. F Faustini

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Agenzia Spaziale Italiana · Astronomical Observatory of Rome

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma

    Space Science Data Center, Italian Space Agency

17. Y. Fu

    Leiden University · University of Groningen · Leiden Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen

    Leiden Observatory, Leiden University

18. T Gasparetto

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Trieste Astronomical Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste

19. William Gillard

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Aix-Marseille Université · Centre de physique des particules de Marseille

    Affiliation as printed

    Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM

20. A. Grazian

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova

21. Shoubaneh Hemmati

    California Institute of Technology · Infrared Processing and Analysis Center

    Affiliation as printed

    Caltech/IPAC

22. J. Jacobson

    California Institute of Technology · Infrared Processing and Analysis Center

    Affiliation as printed

    Caltech/IPAC

23. K. Jahnkę

    Max Planck Institute for Astronomy

    Affiliation as printed

    Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie

24. Bogna Kubik

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Lyon 1 Université · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822

25. X. Liu

    California Institute of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    California Institute of Technology

26. C. Macabiau

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Lyon 1 Université · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822

27. Eduardo Medinaceli

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

28. P. Morris

    California Institute of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    California Institute of Technology

29. K. Paterson

    Max Planck Institute for Astronomy

    Affiliation as printed

    Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie

30. M. Radovich

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova

31. M. Schirmer

    Max Planck Institute for Astronomy

    Affiliation as printed

    Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie

32. Aleksandar Shulevski

    University of Amsterdam · University of Groningen · Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje · Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy

    Affiliation as printed

    ASTRON, the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy

    Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam

    Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje

    Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen

33. H.I Teplitz

    California Institute of Technology · Infrared Processing and Analysis Center

    Affiliation as printed

    Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology

34. B. Venemans

    Leiden University · Leiden Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    Leiden Observatory, Leiden University

35. N. Aghanim

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Paris-Saclay · Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d’astrophysique spatiale

36. B. Altieri

    European Space Agency · European Space Astronomy Centre

    Affiliation as printed

    ESAC/ESA

37. Adam Amara

    University of Surrey

    Affiliation as printed

    School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Surrey

38. Stefano Andreon

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Brera Astronomical Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera

39. N. Auricchio

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

40. Hervé Aussel

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Paris-Saclay · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · Université Paris Cité

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM

41. Carlo Baccigalupi

    Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati · National Institute for Astrophysics · Trieste Astronomical Observatory · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste · Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe

    Affiliation as printed

    IFPU, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste

    INFN, Sezione di Trieste

    SISSA, International School for Advanced Studies

42. Marco Baldi

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · University of Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

    INFN-Sezione di Bologna

43. A. Balestra

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova

44. S. Bardelli

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

45. Alberto Basset

    Centre National d'Études Spatiales

    Affiliation as printed

    Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales – Centre spatial de Toulouse

46. Paola Maria Battaglia

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

47. Andrey N. Belikov

    University of Groningen

    Affiliation as printed

    ATG Europe BV

    Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen

48. Ralf Bender

    Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München · Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics

    Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

49. A. Biviano

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Trieste Astronomical Observatory · Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe

    Affiliation as printed

    IFPU, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste

50. E. Branchini

    National Institute for Astrophysics · University of Genoa · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova · Brera Astronomical Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera

    INFN-Sezione di Genova

51. M. Brescia

    National Institute for Astrophysics · University of Naples Federico II · Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University Federico II

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte

52. J. Brinchmann

    Universidade do Porto · Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences · Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto

    Affiliation as printed

    Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto

    Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP

53. Amandine Caillat

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université

    Affiliation as printed

    Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CNES, LAM

54. S. Camera

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino · University of Turin · Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Torino

    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

    INFN-Sezione di Torino

55. G Cañas-Herrera

    Leiden University · European Space Agency · Leiden Observatory · European Space Research and Technology Centre

    Affiliation as printed

    European Space Agency/ESTEC

    Institute Lorentz, Leiden University

    Leiden Observatory, Leiden University

56. V. Capobianco

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

57. C. Carbone

    National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-IASF Milano

58. J. Carretero

    Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona · Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas · Port d'Informació Científica

    Affiliation as printed

    Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)

    Port d’Informació Científica, Campus UAB

59. Santiago Casas Aachen Institute for Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology

    RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute for Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology (TTK), RWTH Aachen University

60. Francisco Javier Castander

    Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya · Institute of Space Sciences · Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Edifici RDIT, Campus UPC

    Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB

61. M. Castellano

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Astronomical Observatory of Rome

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma

62. G. Castignani

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

63. S. Cavuoti

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli · Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte

    INFN section of Naples

64. K. C. Chambers

    University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa · University of Hawaii System

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii

65. A. Cimatti

    University of Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Augusto Righi” – Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna

66. C Colodro-Conde

    Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias

    Affiliation as printed

    Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias

67. G. Congedo

    University of Edinburgh

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh

68. Christopher J. Conselice

    University of Manchester

    Affiliation as printed

    Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester

69. L. Conversi

    European Space Agency · European Space Astronomy Centre · European Space Research Institute

    Affiliation as printed

    ESAC/ESA

    European Space Agency/ESRIN

70. Y. Copin

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Lyon 1 Université · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822

71. L. Corcione

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

72. A. Costille

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université

    Affiliation as printed

    Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CNES, LAM

73. F. Courbin

    Institut de Ciències del Cosmos · Universitat de Barcelona · Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats

    Affiliation as printed

    Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)

    Institut de Ciències del Cosmos (ICCUB), Universitat de Barcelona (IEEC-UB)

74. Hélène M. Courtois

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    UCB Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IUF, IP2I Lyon

75. A. Da Silva

    University of Lisbon · Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences

    Affiliation as printed

    Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa

    Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa

76. Hubert Degaudenzi

    University of Geneva

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva

77. G. De Lucia

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Trieste Astronomical Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste

78. Anna M. Di Giorgio

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali

79. H. Dole

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Paris-Saclay · Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d’astrophysique spatiale

80. F. Dubath

    University of Geneva

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva

81. C. A. J. Duncan

    University of Manchester · University of Edinburgh

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh

    Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester

82. X. Dupac

    European Space Agency · European Space Astronomy Centre

    Affiliation as printed

    ESAC/ESA

83. S. Dusini

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare

    Affiliation as printed

    INFN-Padova

84. A. Ealet

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Lyon 1 Université · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822

85. S. Escoffier

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Aix-Marseille Université · Centre de physique des particules de Marseille

    Affiliation as printed

    Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM

86. Maximilian Fabricius

    Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München · Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics

    Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

87. Maria Farina

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali

88. R. Farinelli

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

89. S. Ferriol

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Lyon 1 Université · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822

90. Fabio Finelli

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

    INFN-Bologna

91. S. Fotopoulou

    University of Bristol

    Affiliation as printed

    School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol

92. N. Fourmanoit

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Aix-Marseille Université · Centre de physique des particules de Marseille

    Affiliation as printed

    Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM

93. Enrico Franceschi

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

94. M. Fumana

    National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-IASF Milano

95. Samuele Galeotta

    National Institute for Astrophysics · Trieste Astronomical Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste

96. Koshy George

    Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

    Affiliation as printed

    Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

97. Bryan R. Gillis

    University of Edinburgh

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh

98. C. Giocoli

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

    INFN-Sezione di Bologna

99. P. Gómez-Álvarez

    European Space Agency · European Space Astronomy Centre

    Affiliation as printed

    ESAC/ESA

    FRACTAL S.L.N.E

100. Javier Graciá-Carpio

     Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics

     Affiliation as printed

     Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics