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July 28, 2023 article Open access Aachen paper

Euclid : Cosmology forecasts from the void-galaxy cross-correlation function with reconstruction

Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 677, pp. A78

DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202346121 Full text (OA) OpenAlex

Abstract

We have investigated the cosmological constraints that can be expected from measurement of the cross-correlation of galaxies with cosmic voids identified in the Euclid spectroscopic survey, which will include spectroscopic information for tens of millions of galaxies over 15 000 deg 2 of the sky in the redshift range 0.9 ≤ z < 1.8. We have done this using simulated measurements obtained from the Flagship mock catalogue, the official Euclid mock that closely matches the expected properties of the spectroscopic dataset. To mitigate anisotropic selection-bias effects, we have used a velocity field reconstruction method to remove large-scale redshift-space distortions from the galaxy field before void-finding. This allowed us to accurately model contributions to the observed anisotropy of the cross-correlation function arising from galaxy velocities around voids as well as from the Alcock–Paczynski effect, and we studied the dependence of constraints on the efficiency of reconstruction. We find that Euclid voids will be able to constrain the ratio of the transverse comoving distance D M and Hubble distance D H to a relative precision of about 0.3%, and the growth rate fσ 8 to a precision of between 5% and 8% in each of the four redshift bins covering the full redshift range. In the standard cosmological model, this translates to a statistical uncertainty ΔΩ m = ±0.0028 on the matter density parameter from voids, which is better than what can be achieved from either Euclid galaxy clustering and weak lensing individually. We also find that voids alone can measure the dark energy equation of state to a 6% precision.

Authors 100

  1. Slađana Radinović

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    , CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822, 69622 Villeurbanne, France

  2. S. Nadathur

    University of Portsmouth

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK

  3. Hans A. Winther

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    , CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822, 69622 Villeurbanne, France

  4. Will J. Percival

    University of Waterloo · Perimeter Institute

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada

    Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada

  5. Alex Woodfinden

    University of Waterloo

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Centre for Astrophysics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada

  6. Elena Massara

    University of Waterloo

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Centre for Astrophysics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada

  7. E. Paillas

    University of Helsinki · University of Waterloo

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    Centre for Astrophysics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada

  8. S. Contarini

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics · University of Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Augusto Righi" -Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, via Piero Gobetti 93/2, 40129 Bologna, Italy

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy

    INFN-Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy

  9. Nico Hamaus

    Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 München, Germany

  10. András Kovács

    Universidad de La Laguna · HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences · Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

    Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Calle Vía Láctea s/n, 38204 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

    MTA-CSFK Lendület Large-Scale Structure Research Group, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 15-17, 1121 Budapest, Hungary

  11. Alice Pisani

    Princeton University · Flatiron Institute · Cooper Union

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 5th Avenue, 10010 New York, NY, USA

    Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Peyton Hall, Princeton Uni-versity, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA

    The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, 41 Cooper Square, New York, NY 10003, USA

  12. G Verza

    University of Padua · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "G.Galilei", Universitá di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy

    INFN-Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy

  13. Marie Pierre Aubert

    Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    IP2I Lyon - Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (Campus LyonTech-la Doua Bâtiment Paul DIRAC 4 Rue Enrico Fermi 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)

  14. Adam Amara

    University of Helsinki · University of Portsmouth

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK

  15. N. Auricchio

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy

  16. Marco Baldi

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics · University of Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Augusto Righi" -Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, via Piero Gobetti 93/2, 40129 Bologna, Italy

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy

    INFN-Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy

  17. D. Bonino

    Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese (TO), Italy

  18. E. Branchini

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma Tre · University of Genoa

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy

    INFN-Sezione di Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Roma, Italy

  19. M. Brescia

    University of Naples Federico II

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University Federico II, Via Cinthia 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy

  20. S. Camera

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino · Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino · University of Turin

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy

    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese (TO), Italy

    INFN-Sezione di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy

  21. V. Capobianco

    University of Helsinki · Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese (TO), Italy

  22. C. Carbone

    National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    INAF-IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy

  23. V. F. Cardone

    Astronomical Observatory of Rome · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma I · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Catone, Italy

    INFN-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro,

  24. J. Carretero

    Institute for High Energy Physics · Port d'Informació Científica

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Insti-tute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain

    Port d'Informació Científica, Campus UAB, C. Albareda s/n, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain

  25. M. Castellano

    Astronomical Observatory of Rome · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Catone, Italy

  26. S. Cavuoti

    Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Via Moiariello 16, 80131 Napoli, Italy

  27. A. Cimatti

    University of Helsinki

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  28. R. Clédassou

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Centre National d'Études Spatiales · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    CNES - Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (18 avenue Edouard Belin 31401 Toulouse - France)

    IN2P3 - Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE 3 rue Michel-Ange 75794 PARIS CEDEX 16 - France - France)

  29. G. Congedo
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  30. L. Conversi
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  31. Y. Copin

    Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    IP2I Lyon - Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (Campus LyonTech-la Doua Bâtiment Paul DIRAC 4 Rue Enrico Fermi 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)

  32. L. Corcione

    Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese (TO), Italy

  33. F. Courbin
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  34. A. Da Silva

    University of Helsinki

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  35. Marian Douspis

    Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    IAS - Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (Bâtiment 121 91405 ORSAY CEDEX - France)

  36. F. Dubath
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  37. X. Dupac
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  38. S. Farrens

    Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · CEA Paris-Saclay

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005, ex 'Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles', Service d'astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)

  39. S Ferriol

    Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    IP2I Lyon - Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (Campus LyonTech-la Doua Bâtiment Paul DIRAC 4 Rue Enrico Fermi 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)

  40. P. Fosalba
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  41. M. Frailis

    University of Helsinki

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  42. Enrico Franceschi

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy

  43. M. Fumana

    National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    INAF-IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy

  44. Samuele Galeotta
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  45. B. Garilli

    National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    INAF-IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy

  46. William Gillard

    Centre de physique des particules de Marseille

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    CPPM - Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (163, avenue de Luminy - Case 902 - 13288 Marseille cedex 09 - France)

  47. Bryan R. Gillis
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  48. C. Giocoli

    University of Helsinki · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy

    INFN-Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy

  49. A. Grazian

    University of Helsinki

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  50. Frank U. Grupp

    Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 München, Germany

  51. S. V. H. Haugan

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    , CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822, 69622 Villeurbanne, France

  52. W. A. Holmes
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  53. Allan Hornstrup
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  54. K. Jahnkę
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  55. M. Kümmel

    University of Helsinki · Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 München, Germany

  56. A. Kiessling

    University of Helsinki

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  57. M. Kilbinger

    Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · CEA Paris-Saclay

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005, ex 'Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles', Service d'astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)

  58. T. Kitching
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  59. Hannu Kurki-Suonio

    University of Helsinki · Helsinki Institute of Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics , PO Box 64 , 00014 University of Helsinki , Finland

    Helsinki Institute of Physics , Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2 ,

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  60. S. Ligori

    Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese (TO), Italy

  61. Per Barth Lilje
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  62. Ivan Lloro

    Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy

    Affiliation as printed

    NOVA optical infrared instrumentation group at ASTRON , Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4 , 7991PD Dwingeloo , The Netherlands

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  63. E. Maiorano

    University of Helsinki · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy

  64. O. Mansutti
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  65. O. Marggraf

    University of Bonn

    Affiliation as printed

    Argelander-Institut für Astronomie , Universität Bonn , Auf dem Hügel 71 , 53121 Bonn , Germany

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  66. Katarina Markovic
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  67. F. Marulli
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  68. R. Massey

    Durham University

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics , Institute for Computational Cosmology , Durham University , South Road , Durham , DH1 3LE , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  69. S. Mei

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Paris Cité · Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie · Université Paris Diderot

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Paris Cité , CNRS , Astroparticule et Cosmologie , 75013 Paris , France

    APC (UMR_7164) - AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC - UMR 7164, Université Paris Diderot, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, case postale 7020, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 - France)

  70. M. Melchior
    Affiliation as printed

    University of Applied Sciences and

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  71. Y. Mellier

    Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris · CEA Cadarache

    Affiliation as printed

    CEA - Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (Centre de Saclay Centre de Grenoble Centre de Cadarache etc - France)

    IAP - Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (98bis, bd Arago - 75014 Paris France - France)

  72. Massimo Meneghetti
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  73. E. Merlin

    Astronomical Observatory of Rome · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Catone, Italy

  74. George L. Meylan
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  75. M. Moresco
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  76. Lauro Moscardini

    University of Helsinki

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  77. S.-M Niemi

    European Space Research and Technology Centre

    Affiliation as printed

    European Space Agency/ESTEC , Keplerlaan 1 , 2201 AZ Noordwijk , The Netherlands

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  78. James W Nightingale

    Durham University

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics , Institute for Computational Cosmology , Durham University , South Road , Durham , DH1 3LE , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  79. T. Nutma Aachen Leiden Observatory

    Leiden University · University of Groningen · Leiden Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    Kapteyn Astronomical Institute , University of Groningen , PO Box 800 , 9700 AV Groningen , The Netherlands

    Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , Niels Bohrweg 2 , 2333 CA Leiden , The Netherlands

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  80. C. Padilla Aranda

    Institute for High Energy Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Insti-tute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain

  81. S. Paltani
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  82. FABIO PASIAN
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  83. K. Pedersen

    Aarhus University

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of Aarhus , Ny Munkegade 120 , 8000 Aarhus C , Denmark

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  84. V. Pettorino

    University of Helsinki · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · CEA Paris-Saclay

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005, ex 'Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles', Service d'astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)

  85. S. Pires

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · CEA Paris-Saclay

    Affiliation as printed

    AIM , CEA , CNRS , Université Paris-Saclay , Université de Paris , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette , France

    AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005, ex 'Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles', Service d'astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)

  86. Gianluca Polenta

    Agenzia Spaziale Italiana

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Space Science Data Center, Italian Space Agency, Via del Politec-nico snc, 00133 Roma, Italy

  87. Maurice Poncet

    Centre National d'Études Spatiales

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    CNES - Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (18 avenue Edouard Belin 31401 Toulouse - France)

  88. L. A. Popa

    Institute of Space Science - INFLPR Subsidiary

    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    Institute of Space Science, Bucharest 077125, Romania

  89. Lucia Pozzetti
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  90. F. Raison
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  91. Alessandro Renzi

    University of Helsinki · University of Padua · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "G.Galilei", Universitá di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy

    INFN-Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy

  92. Jason D. Rhodes

    University of Helsinki

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  93. Giuseppe Riccio

    University of Helsinki · Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Via Moiariello 16, 80131 Napoli, Italy

  94. E. Romelli
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  95. Mauro Roncarelli
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  96. C. Rosset

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Paris Cité · Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie · Université Paris Diderot

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Paris Cité , CNRS , Astroparticule et Cosmologie , 75013 Paris , France

    APC (UMR_7164) - AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC - UMR 7164, Université Paris Diderot, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, case postale 7020, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 - France)

  97. Roberto P. Saglia
    Affiliation as printed

    Holmbury St Mary , Dorking , Surrey RH5 6NT , UK

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  98. D. Sapone

    University of Helsinki · University of Chile

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    Departamento de Física, FCFM, Universidad de Chile, Blanco Encalada 2008, Santiago, Chile

  99. Barbara Sartoris

    University of Helsinki

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

  100. Peter Schneider

    University of Bonn

    Affiliation as printed

    Argelander-Institut für Astronomie , Universität Bonn , Auf dem Hügel 71 , 53121 Bonn , Germany

    /o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, Italy

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References 111