Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1)

Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 711, pp. A27

Abstract

We present a search for strong gravitational lenses in Euclid imaging with a high stellar velocity dispersion ( σ v > 180 km s −1 ) reported by SDSS and DESI. We performed expert visual inspection and classification of 11 660 Euclid images. We discovered 38 grade A and 40 grade B candidate lenses, which is consistent with an expected sample of ∼32. Palomar spectroscopy confirmed 5 lens systems, while DESI spectra confirmed one system, provided ambiguous results for another, and helped to discard a third system. The Euclid automated lens modeler modelled 53 candidates, confirmed 38 as lenses, failed to model 9, and ruled out 6 grade B candidates. For the remaining 25 candidates, we were unable to gather additional information. More importantly, our classified non-lenses provide an excellent training set for machine-learning lens classifiers. We created high-fidelity simulations of Euclid lenses by painting realistic lensed sources behind the tagged (non-lens) luminous red galaxies. This training set is the foundation stone for the Euclid galaxy-galaxy strong-lensing discovery engine.

Authors 79

1. T.E Collett

   University of Portsmouth

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth

2. Javier A Acevedo Barroso

   École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny

3. James W Nightingale

   Newcastle University

   Affiliation as printed

   School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Newcastle University, Herschel Building

4. Daniel K. Stern

   Jet Propulsion Laboratory

   Affiliation as printed

   Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology

5. Leonidas A. Moustakas

   Jet Propulsion Laboratory

   Affiliation as printed

   Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology

6. S. Schuldt

   University of Milan · National Institute for Astrophysics

   Affiliation as printed

   Dipartimento di Fisica “Aldo Pontremoli”, Università degli Studi di Milano

   INAF-IASF Milano

7. Giulia Despali

   Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics · University of Bologna

   Affiliation as printed

   Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Augusto Righi” – Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna

   INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

   INFN-Sezione di Bologna

8. M. Walmsley

   University of Toronto · University of Manchester

   Affiliation as printed

   David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto

   Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester

9. Wolfgang Enzi

   University of Portsmouth

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth

10. Tian Li

    University of Portsmouth

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth

11. Ana Sainz de Murieta

    University of Portsmouth

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth

12. I.T Andika

    Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics · Technical University of Munich

    Affiliation as printed

    Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik

    Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department

13. L.R Ecker

    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics · Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

    Affiliation as printed

    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics

    Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

14. R. Gavazzi

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université · Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris · Sorbonne Université

    Affiliation as printed

    Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CNES, LAM

    Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, UMR 7095, CNRS, and Sorbonne Université

15. Neal J Jackson

    University of Manchester

    Affiliation as printed

    Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester

16. Predrag Matavulj

    FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Northwestern Switzerland, School of Engineering

17. Massimo Meneghetti

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

    INFN-Sezione di Bologna

18. Stephen Serjeant

    The Open University

    Affiliation as printed

    School of Physical Sciences, The Open University

19. Aprajita Verma

    University of Oxford

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics, Oxford University

20. Conor M. O’Riordan

    Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik

21. Sherry H. Suyu

    Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics · Technical University of Munich

    Affiliation as printed

    Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik

    Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department

22. R. B. Metcalf

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics · University of Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Augusto Righi” – Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

23. Jose Maria Diego

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Paris-Saclay · Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d’astrophysique spatiale

24. N.E.P. Lines

    University of Portsmouth

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth

25. N. Aghanim

    European Space Agency · European Space Astronomy Centre

    Affiliation as printed

    ESAC/ESA

26. Adam Amara

    Brera Astronomical Observatory · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera

27. Stefano Andreon

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Paris Cité · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM

28. Hervé Aussel

    Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe

    Affiliation as printed

    IFPU, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe

29. Carlo Baccigalupi

    Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati · Trieste Astronomical Observatory · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste · National Institute for Astrophysics · University of Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste

    INFN, Sezione di Trieste

    SISSA, International School for Advanced Studies

30. Marco Baldi

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

    INFN-Sezione di Bologna

31. A. Balestra

    Agenzia Spaziale Italiana

    Affiliation as printed

    Space Science Data Center, Italian Space Agency

32. S. Bardelli

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

33. A. Biviano

    Trieste Astronomical Observatory · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste

    INFN, Sezione di Trieste

34. E. Branchini

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Paris Cité · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova · University of Naples Federico II

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University Federico II

    INFN-Sezione di Genova

    Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM

35. M. Brescia

    Universidade do Porto · Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte · Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences · Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte

    Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP

36. J. Brinchmann

    Universidade do Porto · University of Turin

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Torino

    Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto

37. S. Camera

    European Space Agency · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino · Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino · European Space Research and Technology Centre · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    European Space Agency/ESTEC

    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

    INFN-Sezione di Torino

38. G Cañas-Herrera Aachen Institute Lorentz Leiden Observatory

    Leiden University · Astronomical Observatory of Rome · Leiden Observatory · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma

    Institute Lorentz, Leiden University

    Leiden Observatory, Leiden University

39. V. F. Cardone

    National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-IASF Milano

40. J. Carretero Aachen Institute for Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology

    Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona · Port d'Informació Científica · RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute for Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology (TTK), RWTH Aachen University

    Port d’Informació Científica, Campus UAB

41. Santiago Casas

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli

    Affiliation as printed

    INFN section of Naples

42. M. Castellano

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma I

    Affiliation as printed

    INFN-Sezione di Roma

43. G. Castignani

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

44. S. Cavuoti

    University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa · University of Hawaii System · Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte

    Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii

45. K. C. Chambers

    University of Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Augusto Righi” – Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna

46. G. Congedo

    European Space Agency · European Space Research Institute

    Affiliation as printed

    European Space Agency/ESRIN

47. Y. Copin

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    UCB Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IUF, IP2I Lyon

48. Hélène M. Courtois

    University College London

    Affiliation as printed

    Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London

49. Mark S. Cropper

    University of Lisbon

    Affiliation as printed

    Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa

50. A. Da Silva

    University of Geneva · University of Lisbon · Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva

    Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa

51. Hubert Degaudenzi

    Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali

52. G. De Lucia

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste

    Affiliation as printed

    INFN, Sezione di Trieste

53. Anna M. Di Giorgio

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université · Centre de physique des particules de Marseille · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules

    Affiliation as printed

    Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM

54. C. Dolding

    University of Lisbon

    Affiliation as printed

    Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa

55. Herve A. Dole

    European Space Agency · European Space Astronomy Centre

    Affiliation as printed

    ESAC/ESA

56. F. Dubath

    Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali

57. X. Dupac

    University of Surrey

    Affiliation as printed

    School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Surrey

58. S. Escoffier

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    INFN-Bologna

59. Maximilian Fabricius

    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics · Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

    Affiliation as printed

    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics

    Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

60. Maria Farina

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université · Centre de physique des particules de Marseille · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules

    Affiliation as printed

    Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM

61. R. Farinelli

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

62. F Faustini

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma I · University of Genoa

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova

    INFN-Sezione di Roma

63. S Ferriol

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    UCB Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IUF, IP2I Lyon

64. Fabio Finelli

    University of Bristol · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

    School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol

65. S. Fotopoulou
    Affiliation as printed

    FRACTAL S.L.N.E

66. M. Frailis

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste

    Affiliation as printed

    INFN, Sezione di Trieste

67. Enrico Franceschi

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

68. Samuele Galeotta

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste

    Affiliation as printed

    INFN, Sezione di Trieste

69. Koshy George

    Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

    Affiliation as printed

    Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

70. William Gillard

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    INFN-Bologna

71. Gillis B

    European Space Agency · European Space Research Institute

    Affiliation as printed

    European Space Agency/ESRIN

72. C. Giocoli

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna

    INFN-Sezione di Bologna

73. P. Gómez-Álvarez

    University of Surrey · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano

    Affiliation as printed

    INFN-Sezione di Milano

    School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Surrey

74. Javier Graciá-Carpio

    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics

75. B. R. Granett

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Paris Cité · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM

76. A. Grazian

    Agenzia Spaziale Italiana

    Affiliation as printed

    Space Science Data Center, Italian Space Agency

77. Frank U. Grupp

    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics · Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

    Affiliation as printed

    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics

    Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

78. L. Guzzo

    Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · University of Milan · Université Paris Cité · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · National Research Council Canada

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica “Aldo Pontremoli”, Università degli Studi di Milano

    NRC Herzberg

    Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM

79. S Gwyn

    University of Oslo

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo