How brain networks tic: Predicting tic severity through rs‐fMRI dynamics in Tourette syndrome

Human Brain Mapping, vol. 44, pp. 4225–4238

Abstract

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by motor and phonic tics, which several different theories, such as basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop dysfunction and amygdala hypersensitivity, have sought to explain. Previous research has shown dynamic changes in the brain prior to tic onset leading to tics, and this study aims to investigate the contribution of network dynamics to them. For this, we have employed three methods of functional connectivity to resting-state fMRI data - namely the static, the sliding window dynamic and the ICA based estimated dynamic; followed by an examination of the static and dynamic network topological properties. A leave-one-out (LOO-) validated regression model with LASSO regularization was used to identify the key predictors. The relevant predictors pointed to dysfunction of the primary motor cortex, the prefrontal-basal ganglia loop and amygdala-mediated visual social processing network. This is in line with a recently proposed social decision-making dysfunction hypothesis, opening new horizons in understanding tic pathophysiology.

Authors 7

1. Shukti Ramkiran Aachen Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics

   Forschungszentrum Jülich · Jülich Aachen Research Alliance · RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4 (INM‐4) Forschungszentrum Juelich Juelich Germany

   JARA – BRAIN – Translational Medicine Aachen Germany

   Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4 (INM-4) Forschungszentrum Juelich Juelich Germany

2. Tanja Veselinović Aachen Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics

   Forschungszentrum Jülich · RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4 (INM‐4) Forschungszentrum Juelich Juelich Germany

   Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4 (INM-4) Forschungszentrum Juelich Juelich Germany

3. Jürgen Dammers

   Forschungszentrum Jülich

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4 (INM‐4) Forschungszentrum Juelich Juelich Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4 (INM-4) Forschungszentrum Juelich Juelich Germany

4. Arnim Johannes Gaebler Aachen Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Institute of Physiology Faculty of Medicine

   Jülich Aachen Research Alliance · RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

   Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

   JARA – BRAIN – Translational Medicine Aachen Germany

   Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

   Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

5. Ravichandran Rajkumar Aachen Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics

   Forschungszentrum Jülich · Jülich Aachen Research Alliance · RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4 (INM‐4) Forschungszentrum Juelich Juelich Germany

   JARA – BRAIN – Translational Medicine Aachen Germany

   Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4 (INM-4) Forschungszentrum Juelich Juelich Germany

6. Nadim Jon Shah Aachen Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine

   Forschungszentrum Jülich · Jülich Aachen Research Alliance · RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 11 (INM‐11) JARA, Forschungszentrum Juelich Juelich Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4 (INM‐4) Forschungszentrum Juelich Juelich Germany

   JARA – BRAIN – Translational Medicine Aachen Germany

   Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 11 (INM-11) JARA, Forschungszentrum Juelich Juelich Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4 (INM-4) Forschungszentrum Juelich Juelich Germany

7. Irene Neuner corresponding Aachen Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics

   Forschungszentrum Jülich · Jülich Aachen Research Alliance · RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4 (INM‐4) Forschungszentrum Juelich Juelich Germany

   JARA – BRAIN – Translational Medicine Aachen Germany

   Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4 (INM-4) Forschungszentrum Juelich Juelich Germany