Binding of task-irrelevant contextual features in task switching

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, vol. 76, pp. 1872–1888

Abstract

Research in attention and action control produced substantial evidence suggesting the presence of feature binding. This study explores the binding of task-irrelevant context features in cued task switching. We predicted that repeating a context feature in trial n retrieves the trial n − 1 episode. Consequently, performance should improve when the retrieved features match the features of the current trial. Two experiments ( N = 124; N = 96) employing different tasks and materials showed that repeating the task-irrelevant context improved performance when the task and the response repeated. Furthermore, repeating the task-irrelevant context increased task repetition benefits only when the context feature appeared synchronously with cue onset, but not when the context feature appeared with a 300-ms delay (Experiment 1). Similarly, repeating the task-irrelevant context improved performance when the task and the response repeated only when the context feature was part of the cue, and not when it was part of the target (Experiment 2). Taken together, binding and retrieval processes seem to play a crucial role in task switching, alongside response inhibition processes. In turn, our study provided a better understanding of binding and retrieval of task-irrelevant features in general, and specifically on how they modulate response repetition benefits in task repetitions.

Authors 5

1. Elena Benini corresponding Aachen Cognitive and Experimental Psychology Institute of Psychology

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Cognitive and Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

2. Iring Koch Aachen Cognitive and Experimental Psychology Institute of Psychology

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Cognitive and Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

3. Susanne Mayr

   University of Passau

   Affiliation as printed

   Psychology and Human-Machine Interaction, University of Passau, Passau, Germany

4. Christian Frings

   Universität Trier

   Affiliation as printed

   General Psychology and Methodology, Department of Cognitive Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany

5. Andrea M. Philipp Aachen Cognitive and Experimental Psychology Institute of Psychology

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Cognitive and Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany