Framework and tools for the simulation and analysis of the radio emission from air showers at IceCube
Journal of Instrumentation, vol. 17, pp. P06026
Abstract
Abstract The Surface Enhancement of the IceTop air-shower array will include the addition of radio antennas and scintillator panels, co-located with the existing ice-Cherenkov tanks and covering an area of about 1 km2. Together, these will increase the sensitivity of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory to the electromagnetic and muonic components of cosmic-ray-induced air showers at the South Pole. The inclusion of the radio technique necessitates an expanded set of simulation and analysis tools to explore the radio-frequency emission from air showers in the 70 MHz to 350 MHz band. In this paper we describe the software modules that have been developed to work with time- and frequency-domain information within IceCube's existing software framework, IceTray, which is used by the entire IceCube collaboration. The software includes a method by which air-shower simulation, generated using CoREAS, can be reused via waveform interpolation, thus overcoming a significant computational hurdle in the field.
Authors 100
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Department of Physics, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60660, U.S.A
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Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
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DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Affiliation as printed
Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
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Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, U.S.A
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Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, U.S.A
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Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A
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Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
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Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
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Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A
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South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
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Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, U.S.A
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
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Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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University of California, Irvine
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, U.S.A
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Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
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DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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University of California, Berkeley
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Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
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Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
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Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
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Technical University of Munich
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Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
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Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, U.S.A
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University of Maryland, College Park
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Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A
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University of Padua · Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
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Also at Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, U.S.A
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Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · University of California, Berkeley
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Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A
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Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
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University of Maryland, College Park
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Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A
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Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
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DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Affiliation as printed
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
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Affiliation as printed
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
Affiliation as printed
DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
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Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Georgia Institute of Technology
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School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, U.S.A
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Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
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Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
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DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
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Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
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Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.A
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Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
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Georgia Institute of Technology
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School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, U.S.A
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
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Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.A
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Michigan State University · Queen's University
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Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.A
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Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, U.S.A
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A
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Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A
Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, U.S.A
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III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Georgia Institute of Technology
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School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology — CP3, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.A
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Affiliation as printed
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
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Technical University of Munich
Affiliation as printed
Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Affiliation as printed
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Experimental Particle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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University of Maryland, College Park
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Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A
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Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, U.S.A
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University of Maryland, College Park
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Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A
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Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
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Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, U.S.A
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Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica · Academia Sinica
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Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
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Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
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Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
Affiliation as printed
DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
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