Development and Piezoelectric Properties of a Stack Units-Based Piezoelectric Device for Roadway Application

Sensors, vol. 21, pp. 7708

Abstract

To improve the energy harvesting efficiency of the piezoelectric device, a stack units-based structure was developed and verified. Factors such as stress distribution, load resistance, loads, and loading times influencing the piezoelectric properties were investigated using theoretical analysis and experimental tests. The results show that the unit number has a negative relationship with the generated energy and the stress distribution has no influence on the power generation of the piezoelectric unit array. However, with a small stress difference, units in a parallel connection can obtain high energy conversion efficiency. Additionally, loaded with the matched impedance of 275.0 kΩ at 10.0 kN and 10.0 Hz, the proposed device reached a maximum output power of 84.3 mW, which is enough to supply the low-power sensors. Moreover, the indoor load test illustrates that the electrical performance of the piezoelectric device was positively correlated with the simulated loads when loaded with matched resistance. Furthermore, the electrical property remained stable after the fatigue test of 100,000 cyclic loads. Subsequently, the field study confirmed that the developed piezoelectric device had novel piezoelectric properties with an open-circuit voltage of 190 V under an actual tire load, and the traffic parameters can be extracted from the voltage waveform.

Authors 7

1. Chenchen Li Aachen Institute of Highway Engineering

   Tongji University · RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute of Highway Engineering (ISAC), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany

   The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China

2. Fan Yang

   Tongji University

   Affiliation as printed

   The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China

3. Pengfei Liu Aachen Institute of Highway Engineering

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute of Highway Engineering (ISAC), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany

4. Chaoliang Fu Aachen Institute of Highway Engineering

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute of Highway Engineering (ISAC), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany

5. Quan Liu Aachen Institute of Highway Engineering

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute of Highway Engineering (ISAC), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany

6. Hongduo Zhao corresponding

   Tongji University

   Affiliation as printed

   The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China

7. Lin Peng corresponding

   Delft University of Technology

   Affiliation as printed

   Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands