Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). Data processing for intracluster light measurements
Abstract
The Euclid survey provides images with extraordinary potential for studies of the low-surface-brightness Universe, including intracluster light (ICL). However, to realise this promise, the data must be carefully treated to minimise background variations while preserving the signal from diffuse structures. In this work, we describe the post-processing and measurement procedures used for studies of ICL with Euclid. We demonstrate that we are able to substantially reduce background variations without resorting to a small-scale background subtraction. By injecting simulated clusters into the real images, we show that our approach preserves the faint outskirts of extended sources. On scales of several arcminutes, we can reliably detect surface-brightness levels around 27.5 mag arcsec$^{-2}$ in $Y_\textrm{E}$, $J_\textrm{E}$, $H_\textrm{E}$, and 29 mag arcsec$^{-2}$ in $I_\textrm{E}$. As a result, we can obtain accurate measurements of the ICL in individual clusters from the local Universe out to z~0.8 with uncertainties on the order of 10% in surface brightness, 10 degrees in position angle, and 0.1 in ellipticity. Our ability to measure the diffuse light with Euclid is thus set to meet expectations and revolutionise our understanding of the ICL.
Authors 100
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School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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University of Nottingham · École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
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School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
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School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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Department of Astronomy, University of Florida, Bryant Space Science Center, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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Institute of Space Sciences
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · University of Nottingham · Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg · Université de Strasbourg
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School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg, UMR 7550, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics
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Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg · Université de Strasbourg
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Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg, UMR 7550, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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University of British Columbia
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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European Space Astronomy Centre
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ESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n., Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
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Brera Astronomical Observatory
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INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via Brera 28, 20122 Milano, Italy
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Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics
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Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati · Trieste Astronomical Observatory · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste · Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics · University of Bologna
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Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Via Gobetti 93/2, 40129 Bologna, Italy
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Trieste Astronomical Observatory · Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics
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Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics
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Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université · Centre de physique des particules de Marseille · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules
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Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA, 91109, USA
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Lyon 1 Université · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon
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Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Scheinerstr. 1, 81679 München, Germany
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Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology · National Institute for Astrophysics
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics · University of Bologna
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Department of Physics, Institute for Computational Cosmology, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · University of Bologna
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Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Augusto Righi" - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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