Inhibitory control and error processing in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A mega-analysis of task-based fMRI data by the ENIGMA-OCD consortium
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic condition in which impaired inhibitory control and excessive error monitoring may contribute to maintenance of obsessions and compulsions. This mega-analysis investigates neural activation during response inhibition and error processing using adult (OCD=563; control=348) and child (OCD=83, control=114) data from the ENIGMA-OCD consortium and the ABCD study (probable OCD=343; control=361). METHODS: Individual participant data was uniformly processed using HALFpipe to extract statistical maps for response inhibition and error processing contrasts. Bayesian multilevel models were used to assess regional and whole-brain effects of OCD, and to examine the association between the OCD clinical profile and task-related activation. RESULTS: Across inhibitory control tasks, both OCD and control participants showed robust activation in regions implicated in response inhibition and error processing. During response inhibition, compared to controls, adults with OCD showed stronger somatomotor cortex activation, while children with OCD showed stronger occipital cortex activation. Children with probable OCD from the ABCD cohort showed weaker activity in the frontoparietal network in the anterior insula/frontal operculum region. During error processing, relative to controls, adults with OCD showed weaker activation in fronto-striatal regions, while children with OCD showed stronger activation in frontoparietal and attention networks. Greater OCD symptom severity was associated with weaker task-related activation in adults and stronger activation in children during response inhibition. CONCLUSION: Case-control differences in brain activation during inhibitory control varied by age group and task contrast. Symptom severity emerged as the main clinical correlate of activation during inhibition, suggesting that inhibitory control deficits in OCD may be both state-dependent and developmentally specific.
Authors 59
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Nadža Džinalija corresponding
Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers · Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Affiliation as printed
Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity & Attention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: n.dzinalija@amsterdamumc.nl
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Amsterdam Neuroscience · Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Affiliation as printed
Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity & Attention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Columbia University Irving Medical Center · New York Psychoanalytic Society and Institute
Affiliation as printed
Columbia University Irving Medical College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Center for OCD and Related Disorders, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
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Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Affiliation as printed
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences
Affiliation as printed
OCD clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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Universität Hamburg · Karolinska Institutet · MSH Medical School Hamburg – University of Applied Sciences and Medical University
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Institute for Systems Medicine, Department of Human Medicine, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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University of Zurich · Heidelberg University · ETH Zurich · University Hospital Zurich · Central Institute of Mental Health · Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich
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Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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University of Zurich · University Hospital Zurich · Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich
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Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Willem B. Bruin Aachen
Leiden University · Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers · University of Amsterdam
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Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Section Forensic Family and Youth Care, Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Radboud University Medical Center · Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging · Donders Centre for Neuroscience
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Department of Medical Neuroscience, Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Affiliation as printed
Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research · New York University
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Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
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Amsterdam Neuroscience · Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
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Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity & Attention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer
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August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
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Hospital Clínic de Barcelona · Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer
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August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Adult Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
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Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin · MSB Medical School Berlin
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Department of Psychology, Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Haukeland University Hospital · Senter for Krisepsykologi · University of Bergen
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Bergen Center for Brain Plasticity, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Centre for Crisis Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Amsterdam University Medical Centers · Levvel
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Levvel, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam University Medical Center, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Amsterdam Neuroscience · Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
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Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity & Attention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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Department of Psychology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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Department of Psychology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Seoul National University · Seoul National University Hospital
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Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Neuroradiologie · Technical University of Munich
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Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Seoul National University · Hanyang University Seoul Hospital
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Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Nanyang Technological University
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Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Bellvitge University Hospital · Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge
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Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Radiology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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Instituto de Salud Carlos III · Bellvitge University Hospital · Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge · Universitat de Barcelona
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Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research in the Mental Health Network, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
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Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers · University of Amsterdam
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Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Barwon Health · Deakin University · National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences
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OCD clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia; Mental Health, Drugs & Alcohol Services, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Haukeland University Hospital · University of Bergen
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Bergen Center for Brain Plasticity, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Amsterdam Neuroscience · Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
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Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity & Attention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Geestelijke Gezondheidszorg inGeest Specialized Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Neuroradiologie · Technical University of Munich
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Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Faculty of Social Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences
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Department of Integrative Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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Instituto de Salud Carlos III · Bellvitge University Hospital · Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge · Universitat de Barcelona
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Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research in the Mental Health Network, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain; Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research · New York University
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Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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University of Southern California
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Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
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Haukeland University Hospital · University of Bergen
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Bergen Center for Brain Plasticity, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer
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August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
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University of Zurich · University Hospital Zurich · Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich
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Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin · Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
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Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie University Berlin and Humboldt University of Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Mental Health, Partner Site Berlin - Potsdam, Germany
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Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers · Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
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Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity & Attention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University Amsterdam, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers · University of Amsterdam
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Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Amsterdam University Medical Centers · Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
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Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Instituto de Salud Carlos III · Bellvitge University Hospital · Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge · Universitat de Barcelona
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Centre for Biomedical Research in the Mental Health Network, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Haukeland University Hospital · Molde Hospital
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Bergen Center for Brain Plasticity, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
Department of Psychiatry, Hospital of Molde, Molde, Norway
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University College London · University of Tübingen
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Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK
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Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology · UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology · University College London
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Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
Department of Mental Health Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
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Haukeland University Hospital · University of Bergen
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Bergen Center for Brain Plasticity, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences
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OCD clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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Instituto de Salud Carlos III · Bellvitge University Hospital · Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge
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Centre for Biomedical Research in the Mental Health Network, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences
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OCD clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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South African Medical Research Council · University of Cape Town
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South African Medical Research Council Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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University of Southern California
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Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
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Amsterdam Neuroscience · Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
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Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity & Attention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin · Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin · Freie Universität Berlin · Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin · University of Amsterdam
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