Ulocolla Bref.
Abstract
Ulocolla Bref., Untersuchungen aus dem Gesammtgebiete der Mykologie 7: 95, 1888 = Sclerotrema Spirin & Malysheva, Fungal Biology 121: 712, 2017. Generic type. Exidiopsis griseobrunnea K. Wells & Raitviir, Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia Toimetised 15: 206, 1966. Description. Basidiomata annual, gelatinous, adpressed-orbicular or cerebriform, or resupinate, corticioid or stereoid, arid or only slightly gelatinized, grayish or brownish to dark brown. Abhymenial surface smooth; hymenial surface smooth or variably folded, spine-like projections absent in most species. Crystals occasionally present, angular, sometimes in large concretions. Hyphal structure monomitic; hyphae clamped, hyaline or yellowish, not encrusted, basidia-bearing hyphae variably differentiated. Cystidia absent in all but one stereoid species; hyphidia present, with thickened walls, forming a continuous layer, in mature basidiomata of most species often cemented by yellowish-brownish amorphous substance. Basidia four-celled, longitudinally, sometimes obliquely septate, ellipsoid-ovoid, sterigmata slender. Basidiospores hyaline, thin-walled, broadly cylindrical to allantoid, usually distinctly curved. On dead wood of angiosperms or conifers. Generic type. Exidia saccharina Fr. (selected by Clements and Shear 1931: 342). The genus Ulocolla was described by Brefeld (1888) for two species, U. saccharina and U. foliacea. The first species was explicitly based on E. saccharina by Fries, while the second one was often considered as a recombination of Tremella foliacea Pers. (currently Phaeotremella foliacea (Pers.) Wedin et al., Tremellales). Brefeld’s description of U. foliacea clearly refers to U. saccharina with more distinctly lobate, foliaceous basidiomata and not to P. foliacea. However, his reference to Persoon’s T. foliacea in the beginning of the Ulocolla chapter of his book (Brefeld 1888: 95) makes it, formally, a new combination based on Persoon’s species. Clements and Shear (1931) selected E. saccharina as the generic type of Ulocolla. As reintroduced here, Ulocolla encompasses seven species with rather divergent macroscopic traits. Three of them (U. pinicola, U. saccharina, and U. subrepanda) were classified in Exidia, two (U. grisea and U. griseobrunnea) in Exidiopsis, and one more (U. corticioides) was considered merely a variety of the broadly defined Sebacina calcea (as var. corticioides). These species groups have never been discussed in connection to each other before or recognized as belonging to a joint monophyletic lineage. Our data firmly place them together (Figs 1, 2). Despite their various macroscopic habits, Ulocolla spp. share several important anatomical traits which allow morphological recognition of this genus. First, basidiomata of most species show more or less pronounced brown pigmentation caused by yellowish or brownish cytoplasm of hyphae and hymenial cells and, in most cases, by the presence of amorphous yellowish-brownish exudates cementing apical branches of hyphidia and sometimes spreading among hymenial cells. Second, Ulocolla spp. have much more irregularly inflated hyphae than any other taxa treated in this study (except for Exidia repleta, E. saturata, and Exidiopsis s. str. spp.), which often show rather sharp transitions between normally looking, narrow and strongly widened, inflated hyphal segments. All Ulocolla spp. have ellipsoid-ovoid, often obliquely septate basidia sometimes having a tapering, stalk-like base and bearing slender sterigmata. Four exidioid Ulocolla species (U. orbiculata, U. pinicola, U. saccharina, and U. subrepanda) differ from the similar species of Exidia s. str. by the lack of granular encrustation on their hyphae and hyphidia. Moreover, they have hyphidia with variably thick-walled, brownish and often strongly inflated stems. No such structures have been observed in the brown-colored Exidia spp. (E. candida and the E. recisa complex). In turn, hyphidia of the superficially similar Descidia repanda have narrow, hyphoid, rather evenly outlined stems.
Authors 13
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University of Helsinki · Finnish Museum of Natural History
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Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, PO Box 7, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
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Komarov Botanical Institute, Prof. Popova str. 2, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Affiliation as printed
Organismic Botany and Mycology, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, Ohnhorststraße 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany
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Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands
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Société Linnéenne de Lyon, 33 rue Bossuet, 69006 Lyon, France
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Österplana Skattegården 2, 53384 Hällekis, Sweden
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Globe Institute, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1045, Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway
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University of Tennessee at Knoxville
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Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, 1406 Circle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, P. O. Box 3000, FI- 90014 Oulu, Finland
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Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre
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Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, CZ 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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National University of Misiones
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Instituto de Biotecnología Misiones (InBioMis), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Ruta Nacional N 12, km 7.5, Posadas, Misiones, CP 3304, Argentina & Instituto Misionero de Biodiversidad (IMiBio), Ruta Nacional N 12, km 5, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, CP 3370, Argentina
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University of Helsinki · Finnish Museum of Natural History
Affiliation as printed
Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, PO Box 7, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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