First detection of HDO ice in a protoplanetary disk

Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology)

Abstract

Context. Protoplanetary disks are the birthplace of planets and planetary systems. Investigating the molecular inventory of disks is key to linking the chemical evolution of the interstellar medium and the makeup of planets and their atmospheres. In particular, tracing the history of the deuterium enrichment of water along the journey from interstellar clouds through protoplanetary disks to planetary systems provides critical insights into the chemical inheritance. Aims. We aim to investigate the chemical composition of ices in protoplanetary disks; specifically, the presence of HDO ice that ought to be present, but has not been detected in disks thus far. Methods. We analyzed JWST/NIRSpec observations of the 132-1832 edge-on disk located in the Orion Nebula Cluster using the ENIIGMA fitting tool and unique laboratory data. Results. We report on the first detections of HDO ice in a protoplanetary disk. The estimated upper limit for the HDO/H2O ratio for 132-1832 is much higher, compared to HDO/H2O ratios obtained for chondrites, comets, and embedded young stellar objects. In the disk ices, beyond HDO, we detected H2O, CO2, 13CO2, CO, OCN−, and OCS, species, whose presence has also been detected in other disks. Conclusions. The HDO ice detection may point to the efficient ice processing in the disk and confirm the findings of laboratory experiments on deuterated ices.

Authors 7

1. А. В. Потапов

   Friedrich Schiller University Jena

   Affiliation as printed

   Analytical Mineralogy Group , Institute of Geosciences , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Jena , Germany

2. Piyush Kalambkar

   Friedrich Schiller University Jena

   Affiliation as printed

   Analytical Mineralogy Group , Institute of Geosciences , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Jena , Germany

3. Jeroen Bouwman

   Max Planck Institute for Astronomy

   Affiliation as printed

   Max Planck Institute for Astronomy , Heidelberg , Germany

4. Christiaan Boersma

   Ames Research Center

   Affiliation as printed

   NASA Ames Research Center , USA

5. Hiroshi Terada

   National Institutes of Natural Sciences · National Astronomical Observatory of Japan

   Affiliation as printed

   National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) , Tokyo , Japan

6. Will R. Rocha Aachen Laboratory for Astrophysics, Leiden Observatory

   Leiden University · Leiden Observatory

   Affiliation as printed

   Laboratory for Astrophysics , Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , The Netherlands

7. Hendrik Linz

   Max Planck Institute for Astronomy

   Affiliation as printed

   Max Planck Institute for Astronomy , Heidelberg , Germany