Cylichnella bitaeniata

Abstract

Cylichnella bitaeniata (Boettger, 1902) Figs 45A–D Bulla miliaris Brocc.— Hauer 1837: 422 [non Atys miliaris (Brocchi, 1814)]. [Bulla] miliaris Brocc.— Hörnes 1848: 24 [non Atys miliaris (Brocchi, 1814)]. Bulla miliaris Brocc.—Hörnes 1856: 619, pl. 50, figs 3a–c [non Atys miliaris (Brocchi, 1814)]. B.[ulla]. miliaris Brocc.— Reuss 1867: 161 [non Atys miliaris (Brocchi, 1814)]. * Bulla (Acrocolpus) bitaeniata n. sp. — Boettger 1902: 177. Bulla miliaris Brocc.— Meznerics 1933: 351 [non Atys miliaris (Brocchi, 1814)]. Bullaria (Acrocolpus) bitaeniata (Boettger) — Zilch 1934: 276, pl. 22, fig. 13. Sabatia (Damoniella) bitaeniata (Boettger) — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1950: 64. Atys (Atys) miliaris (Brocchi) — Berger 1953: 85, pl. 16, figs 1–4 [non Atys miliaris (Brocchi, 1814)]. A [tys]. (A [tys].) miliaris (Brocchi) — Sieber 1958: 163 [non Atys miliaris (Brocchi, 1814)]. Atys miliaris (Brocc.) — Kókay 1966: 66, pl. 10, fig. 12 [non Atys miliaris (Brocchi, 1814)]. Cylichna (Cylichnella) maculata sp. nov. — Kókay 1966: 66, pl. 10, figs 13–14. Atys cf. miliaris (Brocchi, 1814) — Strausz 1966: 482, pl. 74, figs 34–35 [non Atys miliaris (Brocchi, 1814)]. Roxania utriculus (Brocchi 1814) — Švagrovský 1981: 160, pl. 48, fig. 11 [non Roxania utriculus (Brocchi, 1814)]. Haminoea bitaeniata (Boettger, 1901) — Švagrovský 1984: 190, pl. 3, fig. 5. Atys miliaris (Brocchi, 1814) — Atanacković 1985: 189, pl. 42, figs 9–10 [non Atys miliaris (Brocchi, 1814)]. Atys miliaris (Brocc.) — Kókay 1996: 464, pl. 5, fig. 4 [non Atys miliaris (Brocchi, 1814)]. Type material. Lectotype (designated by Zilch 1934: 276: XII 2549 a, SL: 2.6 mm, MD: 1.7 mm, Coşteiu de Sus (Romania), illustrated in Zilch (1934: pl. 22, fig. 13). The specimen was destroyed during WW II and the photographic glass plate of Zilch (1934) is damaged. Illustrated material. NHMW 1997z9178/1903, Bad Vöslau (Austria), SL: 2.7 mm, MD: 1.6 mm, Figs 45A 1 –A 3. NHMW 1997z9178/1903a, Bad Vöslau (Austria), SL: 2.8 mm, MD: 1.7 mm, Figs 45B 1 –B 3. NHMW 187600110169, SL: 3.1 mm, MD: 1.6 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania), Figs 45C 1 –C 3. NHMW 185900190131, SL: 2.0 mm, MD: 1.4 mm, Porzteich (Czech Republic), Figs 45D 1 –D 3. Revised description. Shell small, relatively solid, glossy, ovate, inflated, broad (SL/MD = 1.6–1.8), only last whorl visible. Periphery placed just above mid-whorl (SL/ PH = 1.7–1.8). Apex with shallow umbilical pit, truncated, narrow (MD/ApD = 3.4–3.6), weakly oblique (AP = 10–14°), surface smooth. Aperture narrow in adapical half (MD/AW = 10.1–10.3), widening distinctly anteriorly (MD/MAW = 2.7–3.1), with moderate expansion rate (ER = 3.3–3.8). Outer lip extending short distance above apex adapically, convex below, rounded abapically. Columella short, thickened, moderately expanding over base, moderately excavated with one prominent columellar fold. Parietal callus not present. Color pattern of two bands of subquadratic dots (see Kókay 1966: pl. 10, figs 13–14). Paratethyan synonyms. Cylichna (Cylichnella) maculata Kókay, 1966 from the Badenian of Hungary is based on two specimens of Cylichnella bitaeniata with preserved color pattern of two bands of spirally aligned rows of dark dots. Discussion. The strength of the columellar fold is slightly variable and the shell outline ranges from ovate (typical) to subcylindrical (rare). This species has been confused by many authors with the Mediterranean Pliocene Atys miliaris (Brocchi, 1814), which differs in it its more ovate profile, the outer lip rising above the apex and the lack of a columellar fold (see Pinna & Spezia 1978: pl. 50, fig. 3). The generic placement is tentative, because the Paratethyan species has just one columellar fold, whereas the type species of the genus has two. Only few Cylichnella species are described so far from the Oligocene and Miocene of the Circum-Mediterranean Region and the early Indo-West Pacific Region. Cylichnella vasatensis (Cossmann, 1895), from the Aquitanian and Burdigalian (Early Miocene) of France, is exceptionally similar in outline and size but bears two columellar folds (see Cossmann 1895: pl. 4, figs 14–16; Peyrot 1932: pl. 13, figs 24–26; Lozouet et al. 2001: pl. 37, fig 4). Cylichnella neuvillei (Peyrot, 1932), from the Burdigalian of France, is much larger (SL: 7 mm), and has a very prominent, sharp adapical columellar fold and a deeper apical umbilical pit (see Peyrot 1932: pl. 13, figs 4–6). Similarly, Cylichnella duqmensis Harzhauser, 2007, from the Chattian of the Sultanate of Oman is much larger (SL: 8 mm). Cylichnella durgae (Beets, 1941), from the Late Miocene of Borneo has a slightly truncated apex, prominent spiral grooves and its columella fold persists onto the base (see Beets 1941: pl. 7, figs 291–293). Paleoenvironment. The occurrence in the Baden Formation at Bad Vöslau (Austria) suggests middle to outer neritic environments with up to 210 m water depth (Kranner et al. 2021) whereas occurrences at Borský Mikuláš (Slovakia) represent inner neritic environments. Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): Polish-Ukrainian Fore-Carpathian Basin: Wieliczka (Poland) (Reuss 1867); Vienna Basin: Bad Vöslau, Baden-Sooss, Steinebrunn (Austria) (Boettger 1902; Berger 1953; hoc opus), Porzteich at Břeclav (Czech Republic) (hoc opus); Borský Mikuláš, Devínska Nová Ves (Slovakia) (Švagrovský 1981, 1984); Pannonian Basin: Budapest, Herend-Márkó, Letkés (Hungary) (Kókay 1966; Strausz 1966; pers comm. Zoltán Kovács); Southern Pannonian Basin: Hrvaćani (Bosnia and Herzegovina) (Atanacković 1985); Mecsek Mountains: Hidas (Hungary) (Csepreghy-Meznerics 1950); Făget Basin: Coşteiu de Sus, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania) (Boettger 1907; hoc opus).

Authors 3

1. Mathias Harzhauser

   Natural History Museum Vienna

   Affiliation as printed

   Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria mathias. harzhauser @ nhm. at; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4471 - 6655

2. Bernard Landau Aachen

   University of Lisbon · Instituto Dom Luiz · Naturalis Biodiversity Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands; Instituto Dom Luiz da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749 - 016 Lisboa, Portugal; and International Health Centres, Av. Infante de Henrique 7, Areias São João, P- 8200 Albufeira, Portugal bernardmlandau @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7768 - 8494

3. Manuel António E. Malaquias

   University of Bergen · Natural History Museum Vienna

   Affiliation as printed

   Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria mathias. harzhauser @ nhm. at; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4471 - 6655 & Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, PB 7800, 5020 - Bergen, Norway manuel. malaquias @ uib. no; http: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9668 - 945 X & Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria mathias. harzhauser @ nhm. at; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4471 - 6655