Roxania utriculus

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)

Abstract

Roxania utriculus (Brocchi, 1814) Figs 53A–F Bulla striata Bruguiere— Brocchi 1814: 276, pl. 1, fig. 6 [non Bulla striata Bruguière, 1792]. * Bulla utriculus nob.— Brocchi 1814: 633. [Bulla] utricula Brocc.— Hörnes 1848: 24. Bulla utricula Brocc.—Hörnes 1856: 618 (pars) [not pl. 50, figs 2a–c = Roxania callifera Boettger, 1907]. Roxania utriculus (Brocc.) var. totornata Sacco— Boettger 1902: 176. Roxania utriculus (Brocc.) var. totornata Sacco—Boettger 1907: 205. Sabatia utricula Br.— Bogsch 1936: 82, pl. 3, figs 43–44. Sabatia (Damoniella) utricula Brocchi — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1950: 64. Roxania (Roxania) utriculus utriculus (Brocchi) — Berger 1953: 111, pl. 18, figs 75–76. Roxania (Roxania) utriculus totornata Sacco— Berger 1953: 111, pl. 18, fig. 77. Sabatia (Damoniella) utricula Brocchi — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1954: 59. Sabatia (Damoniella) utricula Brocc.— Pavlovsky 1957: 53, pl. 2, figs 7a–b. R [oxania]. (R [oxania].) utriculus utriculus (Brocchi) — Sieber 1958: 164. R [oxania]. (R [oxania].) utriculus totornata Sacco— Sieber 1958: 164. Roxania (Roxania) callifera (Boettger, 1906) —Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 222, pl. 52, figs 10–11 [non Roxania callifera Boettger, 1907]. Sabatia utriculus Brocchi, 1814 — Strausz 1966: 480, pl. 74, figs 36, 37. Roxania (Roxania) califera [sic] (Boettger)— Atanacković 1969: 217, pl. 14, figs 5–5a [non Roxania callifera (Boettger, 1907)]. Bullaria subampulla d’Orb. — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972: 35, pl. 18, fig. 21 [non Bulla subampulla d’Orbigny, 1852]. Sabatia (Damoniella) utricula (Brocchi) 1814 — Bohn-Havas 1973: 1078. Bulla utriculus Brocchi, 1814 — Pinna & Spezia 1978: 134, pl. 15, fig. 2. Roxania (Roxania) callifera (Boettger, 1906) — Atanacković 1985: 188, pl. 42, figs 4–5 [non Roxania callifera (Boettger, 1907)]. Sabatia callifera Boettger, 1906 — Harzhauser et al. 2011: 218, fig. 7.1 [non Roxania callifera (Boettger, 1907)]. Roxania utriculus (Brocchi, 1814) — Chirli 2013: 41, pl. 10, figs 12–16. Roxania utriculus (Brocchi, 1814) — Landau et al. 2013: 332, pl. 53, figs 1–2. Roxania utriculus totornata (Sacco, 1897) — Brunetti & Cresti 2018: 120, fig. 432. Roxania utriculus (Brocchi, 1814) — Landau et al. 2023: 406, pl. 55, figs 1–2 (cum syn.). non Roxania utriculus (Brocchi 1814) — Švagrovský 1981: 160, pl. 48, fig. 11 [= Cylichnella bitaeniata (Boettger, 1902)]. Type material. Lectotype, Nr. 4624, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, Piacentino (Italy), Pliocene, illustrated in Brocchi (1814: pl. 1, fig. 6). Rossi-Ronchetti (1955) and Pinna & Spezia (1976) listed this specimen as holotype, but Pinna & Spezia (1978: 134) referred also to three paratypes (Nr. 4625, 4626, 4627). Therefore, the specimen illustrated by Brocchi (1814) represents a lectotype (by erroneous definition as holotype by Rossi-Ronchetti 1955) and the other specimens are paralectotypes. Illustrated material. NHMW 2013/0078/0555, SL: 2.4 mm, MD: 1.35 mm, Bad Vöslau (Austria), Figs 53A 1 –A 3. NHMW 2013/0078/0555a, SL: 2.8 mm, MD: 1.6 mm, Bad Vöslau (Austria), Figs 53B 1 –B 3. NHMW 1867/0019/0324, SL: 5.5 mm, MD: 3.3 mm, Coşteiu de Sus (Romania), Figs 53C 1 –C 2. NHMW 2013/0078/0555b, SL: 3.1 mm, MD: 1.8 mm, Bad Vöslau (Austria), Figs 53D 1 –D 3. NHMW 1867/0019/0321, SL: 5.5 mm, MD: 2.9 mm, Coşteiu de Sus (Romania), Figs 53E 1 –E 2. NHMW 1997z01781211, SL: 3.4 mm, MD: 2.2 mm, Bad Vöslau (Austria), Figs 53F. Revised description. Shell small to medium sized, solid, moderately broad to broad, elongate ovate (SL/MD = 1.7–1.8), with moderately convex sides and convex base. Protoconch unknown. Only last whorl visible. Periphery placed just above mid-whorl (SL/ PH = 1.7–1.9). Apex narrow (MD/ApD = 2.8–2.9), roundly truncated, slightly oblique (AP = 10–11°), deeply and narrowly umbilicate, delimited by round-edged, elevated crest. Apical umbilical wall with sculpture of spiral cords. Sculpture of prominent narrow, spiral cords separated by prominent, punctate grooves at both extremities, occasionally weakening around mid-whorl. Spiral cords occasionally bifid with weaker, shallow, punctate spiral groove. Aperture as long as shell, moderately narrow in adapical half (MD/AW = 8.4–9.3), widening anteriorly (MD/MAW = 2.2–2.4), resulting in moderate to high expansion rate (ER = 3.9–4.0). Outer lip thin, faintly crenulated along base. Columella short, weakly excavated. Columellar callus forming narrow, relatively thin but distinct rim, delimiting narrow, crescent-shaped umbilicus. No columellar fold. Discussion. The Paratethyan specimens differ from typical Pliocene to present-day specimens in their slenderer outline (e.g., Pinna & Spezia 1978; Chirli 2013, Landau et al. 2023). Alongside these slender shells, occasional broader ovate specimens corresponding to typical Roxania utriculus co-occur. Moreover, as discussed by Landau et al. (2023: 407), typical Pliocene to extant specimens have spiral sculpture on the last whorl restricted to the extremities, with the mid-portion of the whorl smooth. However, it is not uncommon for Miocene specimens to have spiral sculpture extending across the entire last whorl. This is also seen in the Miocene Paratethyan series illustrated herein. The completely striate form also occurs, albeit rarely, in the Pliocene, and is usually referred to as Roxania utriculus totornata (Sacco, 1897). Provisionally we keep all types in R. utriculus but would not exclude that the common slender morph represents a distinct species. For further discussions on Roxania utriculus see Landau et al. (2023: 407). Paleoenvironment. Roxania utriculus lives in sandy bottoms in inner neritic to outer neritic environments from 30–200 m depth (Gofas et al. 2011; Trigo et al. 2018). Paratethyan occurrences occur in similar settings. Distribution in Central Paratethys. Karpatian (Early Miocene): Malé Karpaty Mts.: Cerová (Slovakia) (Harzhauser et al. 2011). Badenian (Middle Miocene): North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Braunsdorf, Grund, Guntersdorf (Austria); Vienna Basin: Bad Vöslau, Baden, Baden-Sooss, Steinebrunn (Austria) (Berger 1953); Pannonian Basin: Szob (Hungary) (Bohn-Havas 1973); Southern Pannonian Basin: Jakovac (Bosnia and Herzegovina) (Atanacković 1985); Zapresic-Brijeg (Croatia) (Pavlovsky 1957); Bükk Mountains: Borsodbóta (Hungary) (Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972); Mecsek Mountains: Hidas, Pécsszabolcs, Tekeres, (Hungary) (Csepreghy-Meznerics 1950); Făget Basin: Lăpugiu de Sus, Coşteiu de Sus (Romania) (Boettger 1907); Dacian Basin: Opanets (Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960). (Proto-)Mediterranean Sea. Serravallian (Middle Miocene): Karaman Basin: Seyithasan (Turkey) (Landau et al. 2013). Tortonian and Messinian (Late Miocene): Po Basin (Italy) (Sacco 1897; Venzo & Pelosio 1963). Pliocene: entire Mediterranean (Landau et al. 2023). Pleistocene: entire Mediterranean (Cerulli-Irelli 1910; Chirli & Linse 2011). Present-day: entire Mediterranean (Ardovini & Cossignani 2004; Repetto et al. 2005; Cossignani & Ardovini 2011; Gofas et al. 2011). North Sea. Late Burdigalian-Langhian (Early-Middle Miocene): Belgium (Glibert 1952b), Denmark (Moths & Tüxen 2008), Germany (Wienrich 2007; Moths et al. 2010), The Netherlands (A.W. Janssen, 1984). Tortonian (Late Miocene): Denmark (Schnetler 2005). Pliocene: Belgium (Marquet 1997, 1998). Present-day: Scandinavia, Shetlands, British Isles (T.E. Thompson 1988). Northeastern Atlantic. Tortonian (Late Miocene): Cacela Basin (Portugal) (Dollfus et al. 1904). Present-day: Bay of Biscay (Trigo et al. 2018), Portugal, Canaries (Hernández et al. 2011), Madeira (Nordsieck & García-Talavera 1979; Segers et al. 2009).

Authors 3

1. Mathias Harzhauser

   Natural History Museum Vienna

   Affiliation as printed

   Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria mathias. harzhauser @ nhm. at; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4471 - 6655

2. Bernard Landau Aachen

   University of Lisbon · Instituto Dom Luiz · Naturalis Biodiversity Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands; Instituto Dom Luiz da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749 - 016 Lisboa, Portugal; and International Health Centres, Av. Infante de Henrique 7, Areias São João, P- 8200 Albufeira, Portugal bernardmlandau @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7768 - 8494

3. Manuel António E. Malaquias

   University of Bergen · Natural History Museum Vienna

   Affiliation as printed

   Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria mathias. harzhauser @ nhm. at; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4471 - 6655 & Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, PB 7800, 5020 - Bergen, Norway manuel. malaquias @ uib. no; http: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9668 - 945 X & Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria mathias. harzhauser @ nhm. at; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4471 - 6655