Ringicula laevigata

Abstract

Ringicula laevigata (Eichwald, 1830) Figs 13F–H, 17A–H * [Marginella] laevigata m.— Eichwald 1830: 221. Ring [icula]. laevigata m.— Eichwald 1851: 125, pl. 10, fig. 45. Ringicula laevigata — Eichwald 1852: pl. 10, fig. 45. Ring [icula]. laevigata m.— Eichwald 1853: 259. Ringicula Hochstetteri nov. form.— Hoernes & Auinger 1880: 70, pl. 8, figs 19–22. Ringicula hochstetteri Hö. Au.— Boettger 1902: 12. Ringicula laevigata Eichw.— Friedberg 1928: 558, pl. 36, figs 12–13. Ringicula (Ringiculella) auriculata var. laevigata (Eichwald) — Meznerics 1933: 351. Ringicula (Ringiculella) auriculata laevigata (Eichwald) — Berger 1954: 117, pl. 7, figs 19–24, pl. 8, figs 25–29. Ringicula (Ringiculella) auriculata acutior Morlet— Berger 1954: 118, pl. 8, figs 30–32 [non Ringicula acutior Morlet, 1878]. Ringicula (Ringiculella) auriculata laevigata Eich.— Strausz 1954: 38, 73, 115, pl. 5, fig. 116. R [ingicula]. (R [ingiculina].) auriculata laevigata (Eichw.) — Sieber 1958: 162. R [ingicula]. (R [ingiculina].) auriculata acutior Morl.— Sieber 1958: 162 [non Ringicula acutior Morlet, 1878]. Ringicula (Ringiculella) auriculata var. laevigata (Eichwald) —Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 220, pl. 52, fig. 6. Ringicula (Ringiculina) auriculata laevigata (Eichwald) — Strausz 1962: 101, pl. 41, figs 7–8. Ringicula (Ringiculina) auriculata laevigata Eichwald, (1830) 1853— Strausz 1966: 470, pl. 41, figs 7–8. Ringicula laevigata (Eichwald, 1830) — Zelinskaya et al. 1968: 233, pl. 52, figs 21–22. Ringicula (Ringiculella) auriculata Men.—Rado & Muţui 1970: 148, pl. 6, fig. 36. Ringicula (Ringiculella) laevigata (Eichwald, 1830) — Popa & Ianoliu 2000: 87, pl. 3, fig. 8. Ringicula laevigata (Eichwald, 1830) — Landau et al. 2013: 326, pl. 76, fig. 13. Ringicula laevigata (Eichwald, 1830) — Guzhov 2022a: 1137, pl. 8, figs 6–7, pl. 10, figs 4–5. non Ringicula auriculata var. laevigata Eich.— Sacco 1904: 110, pl. 24, fig. 27 [? = R. auriculata (Ménard de la Groye, 1811)]. non Ringicula (Ringiculella) auriculata cfr. laevigata Eichwald— Švagrovský 1960: 106, pl. 14, figs 5–7 [= Ringicula sp.]. non Ringicula (Ringiculella) laevigata (Eichwald, 1830) — Švagrovský 1984: 186, pl. 3, fig. 2 [= Ringicula minor (Grateloup, 1838)]. Type material. We are not aware of the whereabouts of the type material. Guzhov (2022a) was not able to trace the syntypes in the Eichwald collection stored in the Borissiak Paleontological Institute (Russian Academy of Sciences) in Moscow (Russia). Illustrated material. NHMW 1949/0005/0009, SL: 2.9 mm, MD: 1.7 mm, Steinebrunn (Austria), syntype of Ringicula hochstetteri Hoernes & Auinger, 1880, illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1880: pl. 8, fig. 20), Figs 13F, 17A 1 –A 2. NHMW 1949/0005/0009, SL: 3.5 mm, MD: 1.9 mm, Steinebrunn (Austria), syntype of Ringicula hochstetteri Hoernes & Auinger, 1880, illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1880: pl. 8, fig. 21), Figs 17B 1 –B 2. NHMW-ZOO-MO-75000-E-57969, SL: 2.8 mm, MD: 1.5 mm, Grund (Austria), Figs 17C 1 –C 2. NHMW-ZOO-MO-75000-E-57964, SL: 3.8 mm, MD: 2.1 mm, Steinebrunn (Austria), illustrated in Berger (1954: pl. 8, fig. 25), Figs 13G, 17D 1 –D 2. NHMW-ZOO-MO-75000-E-57966, SL: 3.3 mm, MD: 1.7 mm, Ritzing (Austria), illustrated in Berger (1954: pl. 8, fig. 30), Figs 13H, 17E 1 –E 2. NHMW 2018/0248/0490, SL: 2.7 mm, MD: 1.5 mm, Coşteiu de Sus (Romania), Figs 17F 1 –F 2. NHMW 2018/0248/0490, SL: 2.8 mm, MD: 1.5 mm, Coşteiu de Sus (Romania), Figs 17G 1 –G 2. NHMW 2018/0248/0490, SL: 2.6 mm, MD: 1.4 mm, Coşteiu de Sus (Romania), Figs 17H. Revised description. Shell small, glossy, moderately broad fusiform, with relatively high conical spire (AA= 50–57°). Protoconch paucispiral, conical, of about 1.5 whorls (dp = ~300 μm). Teleoconch of four whorls separated by narrowly impressed to narrowly canaliculate, linear suture. Spire whorls weakly convex, with periphery placed just above abapical suture. Weak to subobsolete spiral cords on first two teleoconch whorls, rapidly weakening abapically. Last whorl 71–74% of total height, moderately convex, with periphery placed mid-whorl (SL/ PH = 2.2); weakly constricted at base. Last whorl smooth, glossy. Aperture 60–64% of total height, narrowing in upper third, widening abapically (MD/MAW = 3.7–4.4). Point of insertion of outer lip far below adapical suture. Outer lip moderately thickened by convex labial varix bearing broad, central palatal swelling; anal sinus narrow, moderately deep, V-shaped, terminating at adapical end of outer lip; siphonal canal very short, open, broad, deeply notched at tip. Columella with two strongly elevated, folds abapically; parietal denticle prominent or weak; fused with broad, robust parietal pad. Columellar and parietal callus thickened, sharply delimited, narrowly expanded over base. One specimen shows reddish flammulae on last spire whorl (Fig 17A 2). Paratethyan synonyms. Ringicula hochstetteri Hoernes & Auinger, 1880, four illustrated syntypes from Steinebrunn (Austria) and Coşteiu de Sus (Romania). Hoernes & Auinger (1880) did not refer to Ringicula laevigata (Eichwald, 1830) when establishing Ringicula hochstetteri. As already stated by Berger (1954), the shells do not differ from Ringicula laevigata and Ringicula hochstetteri is a subjective junior synonym. Paleoenvironment. Shallow marine, inner neritic (own data M.H). Discussion. Ringicula laevigata (Eichwald, 1830) was discussed in detail by Guzhov (2022a: 1137). Slender specimens with high spire were described by Berger (1954) as Ringicula acutior Morlet, 1878, which was originally described from the Tortonian (Late Miocene) of Saint-Jean-de-Marsacq (France). The French species is larger (SL: 5 mm) and differs in its more convex last whorl (see Morlet 1878: 268, pl. 7, fig. 6). Glibert (1952a: 390, pl. 14, fig 11f) illustrated a specimen from the Langhian (Middle Miocene) of the Loire Basin (France) as Ringicula acutior. It represents a rather small Ringicula species with an unusually tall spire and seems to have only the adapical of the two basal columellar folds usually seen in members of the genus. We have not encountered any further specimens from the area discussed by Glibert, and we suspect this to be a teratogenic specimen. In any case, it is not conspecific with Ringicula laevigata. Distribution in Central Paratethys. Karpatian (Early Miocene): Korneuburg Basin: Niederkreuzstetten (Austria) (Berger 1954). Badenian (Middle Miocene): Ukrainian Fore-Carpathian Basin: Varivtsi, Zalistsi, Zhabyak, Zhukivtsi (Ukraine) (Friedberg 1938; Guzhov 2022a); North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Grund, Guntersdorf (Austria), Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou (Czech Republic) (Berger 1954); Vienna Basin: Bad Vöslau, Enzesfeld, Gainfarn, Niederleis, Poysdorf, Steinebrunn (Austria), Mikulov (Czech Republic) (Berger 1954); Oberpullendorf Basin: Ritzing (Austria) (Berger 1954); Pannonian Basin: Várpalota (Hungary) (Strausz 1966); Southern Pannonian Basin: Miljevići (Bosnia and Herzegovina) (Atanacković 1969); Hațeg Depression: Răchitova (Romania) (Popa & Ianoliu 2000); Făget Basin: Buituri, Coşteiu de Sus, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania) (Hoernes & Auinger 1880; Boettger 1902); Dacian Basin: Urovene, Trifonovo, Dobrusha (Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960); Islaz (Romania) (Rado & Muţui 1970). Eastern Paratethys Sea. Konkian (Middle Miocene): Agara (Georgia), Chumnaya (Republic of Adygea), Aksengir, Karatyulei, Mynsualmas (Kazakhstan) (Guzhov 2022a). Proto-Mediterranean Sea. Serravallian (Middle Miocene): Karaman Basin: Lale (Turkey) (Landau et al. 2013).

Authors 3

1. Mathias Harzhauser

   Natural History Museum Vienna

   Affiliation as printed

   Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria mathias. harzhauser @ nhm. at; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4471 - 6655

2. Bernard Landau Aachen

   University of Lisbon · Instituto Dom Luiz · Naturalis Biodiversity Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands; Instituto Dom Luiz da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749 - 016 Lisboa, Portugal; and International Health Centres, Av. Infante de Henrique 7, Areias São João, P- 8200 Albufeira, Portugal bernardmlandau @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7768 - 8494

3. Manuel António E. Malaquias

   University of Bergen · Natural History Museum Vienna

   Affiliation as printed

   Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria mathias. harzhauser @ nhm. at; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4471 - 6655 & Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, PB 7800, 5020 - Bergen, Norway manuel. malaquias @ uib. no; http: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9668 - 945 X & Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria mathias. harzhauser @ nhm. at; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4471 - 6655