Acteon laevigatus

Abstract

Acteon laevigatus (Grateloup, 1828) Figs 3D–F * Tornatella laevigata Nob. — Grateloup 1828: 195. Tornatella laevigata Nob. — Grateloup 1838: 269, pl. 6, figs 24–25. Tornatella laevigata — Grateloup 1846: pl. 11, figs 24–25. Actaeon subpunctulatus n. sp. — Boettger 1902: 174. Actaeon subpunctulatus Bttgr.—Boettger 1907: 202. Actaeon laevigatus Grateloup— Peyrot 1932: 161, pl. 11, figs 50–51. Actaeon subpunctulatus Boettger— Zilch 1934: 276, pl. 22, fig. 11. Actaeon subglobosus laevigatus Grateloup, 1827 — Glibert 1952a: 395, pl. 13, fig. 9. ? Acteon laevigatus (Grat.) — Kókay 1966: 66, pl. 10, fig. 10 [non Acteon laevigatus (Grateloup, 1828)]. Acteon (Acteon) semistriatus Ferr.—Rado & Muţui 1970: 148, pl. 6, fig. 32 [non Acteon semistriatus (Férussac, 1822)]. ‘ Acteon ’ subpunctulatus Boettger, 1902 — Landau et al. 2013: 324, pl. 52, fig. 14. non Actaeon (Actaeon) laevigatus (Grateloup, 1827) — Janssen 1984: 363, pl. 18, fig. 2 [= Acteon sp.]. non Acteon laevigatus Grateloup, 1827 — Katona et al. 2011: 9, pl. 2, fig. 8 [non Crenilabium reussi (Boettger, 1892)]. Type material. Syntypes illustrated in Grateloup (1838: pl. 6, figs 24–25), St-Paul-lès-Dax (France). We are not aware of the whereabouts of the type material. Illustrated material. Lectotype of Acteon subpunctulatus Boettger, 1902 (designated by Zilch 1934: 276), SMF 363155 - 12.2544a (glass plate 392), SL: 5.3 mm, MD: 2.8 mm, Coșteiu de Sus (Romania), illustrated in Zilch (1934: pl. 22, fig. 11). The specimen was destroyed during WWII, Fig 3D. NHMW 2020/0004/1666b, SL: 4.3 mm, SL: 2.0 mm, Bad Vöslau (Austria), Figs 3E 1 –E 2. RGM 776 928/1, SL: 2.3 mm, MD: 1.2 mm, Seyithasan (Turkey), Serravallian (Middle Miocene), illustrated in Landau et al. (2013: pl. 52, fig. 14), Fig 3F. Revised description. Shell small, moderately slender (SL/MD = 2.1), with moderately high spire and broad apex (MD/ApD = 1.2–1.4). Protoconch low conical of 1.25 convex, smooth whorls. Teleoconch of up to four whorls separated by narrow, deeply impressed, linear suture. Spire whorls convex, smooth with periphery just above abapical suture, apical angle 48–52°. Last whorl 75–78% of total height, weakly convex, with periphery just above mid-whorl. Sculpture of weak, moderately broad, flattened, spiral cords, separated by faintly punctate grooves on base. Cords fading towards mid-whorl. Aperture 62–63% of total height, moderately wide (MD/MAW = 2.5–2.8); outer lip not preserved. Basal lip strongly rounded and slightly flared abapically. Columella thickened, slightly erect abapically, with a single strong fold. Columellar callus below columellar fold forming narrow, detached rim; columellar callus above fold and parietal callus forming thin sheet. Color pattern of three indistinct bands of blotches below adapical suture, at insertion of aperture and at base. Discussion. This species is characterized by its convex whorls and its smooth, glossy surface. We have compared the Paratethyan specimens against specimens of Acteon laevigatus from the lower Burdigalian of St-Paul-lès-Dax (France) and found them to be identical. Therefore, we treat Actaeon subpunctulatus Boettger, 1902 as subjective junior synonym of Tornatella laevigata Grateloup, 1828. Specimens from the Miocene of the North Sea Basin described as this species by Janssen (1984) and Wienrich (2007) are excluded from Acteon laevigatus herein. Their spiral sculpture extends along most if not all of the last whorl quite unlike from French Atlantic specimens. Moths et al. (2010) illustrated these specimens as Acteon sp. Paleoenvironment. Unknown. Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): Vienna Basin: Bad Vöslau (Austria) (hoc opus); Făget Basin: Coşteiu de Sus (Romania) (Boettger 1902); Dacian Basin: Islaz (Romania) (Rado & Muţui 1970). Proto-Mediterranean Sea. Serravallian (Middle Miocene): Karaman Basin: Seyithasan (Turkey) (Landau et al. 2013). Northeastern Atlantic. Aquitanian (Early Miocene): Aquitaine Basin: Léognan, Saucats) (France) (Peyrot 1932); Burdigalian (Early Miocene): Aquitaine Basin: Cabannes, Cestas, Mimbaste, Saint-Médard-en-Jalles, St-Paul-lès-Dax (France) (Peyrot 1932); Langhian (Middle Miocene): Loire Basin: Manthelan, Ferrière-Larçon, Paulmy, Pontlevoy (France) (Glibert 1952a; own data B.L.).

Authors 3

1. Mathias Harzhauser

   Natural History Museum Vienna

   Affiliation as printed

   Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria mathias. harzhauser @ nhm. at; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4471 - 6655

2. Bernard Landau Aachen

   University of Lisbon · Instituto Dom Luiz · Naturalis Biodiversity Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands; Instituto Dom Luiz da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749 - 016 Lisboa, Portugal; and International Health Centres, Av. Infante de Henrique 7, Areias São João, P- 8200 Albufeira, Portugal bernardmlandau @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7768 - 8494

3. Manuel António E. Malaquias

   University of Bergen · Natural History Museum Vienna

   Affiliation as printed

   Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria mathias. harzhauser @ nhm. at; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4471 - 6655 & Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, PB 7800, 5020 - Bergen, Norway manuel. malaquias @ uib. no; http: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9668 - 945 X & Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria mathias. harzhauser @ nhm. at; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4471 - 6655