Probing charge and dielectric relaxation in protein interactions using atomic field-effect transistor biosensors
Nanoscale, vol. 18, pp. 7058–7066
Abstract
The advancement of label-free and rapid-resulting ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET) biosensors hinges on understanding biomolecular interactions at the interface. While conventional ISFETs excel at charge detection, they struggle with sensitivity to weakly coupled interfacial capacitance due to the relatively thick insulating passivation layer, which protects the chemically active conduction channel from the electrolyte solution. In this work, we adopt chemically inert two-dimensional (2D) materials with electronic processes directly exposed on the sensing surface, thereby allowing for the strongest interfacial capacitance coupling. By combining conductance measurements with capacitance characterization, our results reveal that the protein interactions at the sensor surface undergo dramatic spatial structure evolution, manifested through a slow dielectric relaxation compared to charge kinetics. Therefore, such compact, dual-parametric 2D atomic biosensors are capable of consistently tracking both charge and dielectric properties of analytes within a single device, offering comprehensive quantification of protein interaction kinetics and deeper insights into the underlying sensing mechanisms.
Authors 13
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Capital Medical University · Tsinghua University
Affiliation as printed
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Shaw Technical Science Building, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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Affiliation as printed
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Shaw Technical Science Building, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
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Affiliation as printed
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Shaw Technical Science Building, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
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Affiliation as printed
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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Peking University · Tsinghua University
Affiliation as printed
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Shaw Technical Science Building, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Affiliation as printed
State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Affiliation as printed
State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Affiliation as printed
State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Grégory F. Schneider Aachen
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Affiliation as printed
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Shaw Technical Science Building, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
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Affiliation as printed
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Shaw Technical Science Building, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
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Peking University · Tsinghua University
Affiliation as printed
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Shaw Technical Science Building, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Affiliation as printed
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Shaw Technical Science Building, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
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