Fast low energy reconstruction using Convolutional Neural Networks
Journal of Instrumentation, vol. 21, pp. P02020
Abstract
Abstract IceCube is a Cherenkov detector instrumenting over a cubic kilometer of glacial ice deep under the surface of the South Pole. The DeepCore sub-detector lowers the detection energy threshold to a few GeV, enabling the precise measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters with atmospheric neutrinos. The reconstruction of neutrino interactions inside the detector is essential in studying neutrino oscillations. It is particularly challenging to reconstruct sub-100 GeV events with the IceCube detectors due to the relatively sparse detection units and detection medium. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are broadly used in physics experiments for both classification and regression purposes. This paper discusses the CNNs developed and employed for the latest IceCube-DeepCore oscillation measurements [1]. These CNNs estimate various properties of the detected neutrinos, such as their energy, direction of arrival, interaction vertex position, flavor-related signature, and are also used for background classification.
Authors 100
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Department of Physics, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60660, U.S.A
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Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
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Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
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Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, U.S.A
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Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201, U.S.A
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Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, U.S.A
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Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
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Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
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Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, U.S.A
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.A
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South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
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Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, U.S.A
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
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Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
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Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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University of California, Irvine
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, U.S.A
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Technical University of Munich
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Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, U.S.A
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University of California, Berkeley
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Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A
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Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
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Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
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Technical University of Munich
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Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, U.S.A
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University of Maryland, College Park
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Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A
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Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Galileo Galilei, Università Degli Studi di Padova, I-35122 Padova PD, Italy
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, U.S.A
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University of Maryland, College Park
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Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, U.S.A
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Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
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Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
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Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
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Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
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Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A
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Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Galileo Galilei, Università Degli Studi di Padova, I-35122 Padova PD, Italy
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Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
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Affiliation as printed
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
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Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Georgia Institute of Technology
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School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, U.S.A
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Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
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Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
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Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A
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University of Nevada, Las Vegas
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Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, U.S.A
Nevada Center for Astrophysics, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, U.S.A
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, U.S.A
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
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Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
Institute of Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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University of Maryland, College Park
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Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
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Affiliation as printed
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, U.S.A
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Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A
Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A
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Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology — CP3, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.A
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.A
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Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
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Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
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Affiliation as printed
Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
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Technical University of Munich
Affiliation as printed
Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Affiliation as printed
Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Technical University of Munich
Affiliation as printed
Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Affiliation as printed
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Experimental Particle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Institut für Kernphysik, Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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University of Maryland, College Park
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, U.S.A
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University of Maryland, College Park
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, U.S.A
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
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Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, U.S.A
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Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica · Academia Sinica
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Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
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Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
Affiliation as printed
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A
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Affiliation as printed
Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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