Nanocrystalline graphite-patterned silicon substrates for molecularly imprinted biopolymer-based electrochemical detection of glyphosate

Applied Surface Science Advances, vol. 32, pp. 100940

Abstract

In this study, we present the fabrication and characterization of a miniaturized, single-chip electrochemical sensor implemented on a silicon/silicon dioxide platform. The device incorporates a nanocrystalline graphite (NCG) working electrode and gold reference and counter electrodes, all monolithically integrated on the same substrate. This configuration provides a compact and reliable sensing architecture, combining the electrochemical advantages of carbon with the precision and reproducibility of microfabrication. A molecularly imprinted biopolymer (MIP) layer for glyphosate (GLY) detection was subsequently formed by electrodepositing chitosan (CS) in the presence of the target analyte, directly onto the NCG surface. The resulting sensor exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity, allowing indirect detection of GLY at concentrations as low as 0.015 ppb. Validation tests demonstrated excellent recovery rates in spiked water samples, highlighting the sensor’s potential for environmental monitoring applications. This integrated platform offers a promising approach for the sensitive, portable, and cost-effective detection of GLY residues.

Authors 9

1. Livia Alexandra Gugoaşă corresponding

   National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies

   Affiliation as printed

   National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Voluntari (Ilfov), Romania

2. Catalin Parvulescu

   National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies

   Affiliation as printed

   National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Voluntari (Ilfov), Romania

3. Octavian‐Gabriel Simionescu

   National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies

   Affiliation as printed

   National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Voluntari (Ilfov), Romania

4. Oana Brincoveanu

   National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies

   Affiliation as printed

   National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Voluntari (Ilfov), Romania

5. Cosmin Romanițan

   National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies

   Affiliation as printed

   National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Voluntari (Ilfov), Romania

6. Cristina Ionela Pachiu

   National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies

   Affiliation as printed

   National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT Bucharest), 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Voluntari (Ilfov), Romania

7. Ludmila Motelică

   Universitatea Națională de Știință și Tehnologie Politehnica București

   Affiliation as printed

   Advanced Research Center for Innovative Materials, Products and Processes, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania

8. Dua Özsoylu Aachen Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies (INB)

   FH Aachen

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies (INB), Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Campus Jülich, 52428, Jülich, Germany

9. Sevinç Kurbanoğlu

   Ankara University

   Affiliation as printed

   Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06560, Ankara, Turkey

   Integrated Technologies Research Center, Ankara University, Ankara, 06790, Türkiye