Comment on wes-2025-168
Abstract
Abstract. As wind energy scales up to meet global decarbonization and energy security goals, reducing the LCoE has become essential, particularly through improvements in O&M. This positioning paper explores the state-of-the-art in condition monitoring for wind turbines. It focuses on drivetrain components, which are among the most failure-prone and maintenance-intensive subsystems. It examines current diagnostic and prognostic strategies using SCADA data, vibration and acoustic analysis, and digital twin frameworks, alongside emerging techniques in machine learning, signal processing, and hybrid modelling. The paper also identifies key challenges, including data availability, labelling, standardization, and the gap between academic research and industrial adoption. This work aims to guide future research and industrial efforts in making wind energy more reliable, predictable, and cost-efficient.
Authors 25
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Kayacan Kestel corresponding
Affiliation as printed
Department of Applied Mechanics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Offshore Wind Infrastructure Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Vrije Universiteit Brussel · Flanders Make (Belgium)
Affiliation as printed
Artificial Intelligence Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Department of Applied Mechanics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
FlandersMake@VUB, Belgium
Offshore Wind Infrastructure Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Delft University of Technology
Affiliation as printed
TU Delft, Kluyverweg 1, Delft, 2629 HS, Netherlands
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Delft University of Technology
Affiliation as printed
TU Delft, Kluyverweg 1, Delft, 2629 HS, Netherlands
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
Affiliation as printed
Control, Data, and Artificial Intelligence, Department of Mathematics, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Campus Diagonal-Besós, Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
Institute of Mathematics (IMTech) Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) Barcelona 08028, Spain
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Norwegian University of Science and Technology
Affiliation as printed
Department of Marine Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
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National Laboratory of the Rockies
Affiliation as printed
National Wind Technology Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, USA
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Technical University of Denmark
Affiliation as printed
DTU Wind and Energy Systems, Wind Energy Materials and Components Division, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy Systems · Technical University of Denmark
Affiliation as printed
DTU Wind and Energy Systems, Wind Energy Materials and Components Division, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
Fraunhofer IWES, Large Bearing Laboratory, Am Schleusengraben 22, 21029 Hamburg, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstraße 10, 52062 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstraße 10, 52062 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstraße 10, 52062 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstraße 10, 52062 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Center for Wind Power Drives, RWTH Aachen University, Campus-Boulevard 61, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Center for Wind Power Drives, RWTH Aachen University, Campus-Boulevard 61, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Georg Jacobs Aachen Center for Wind Power Drives (CWD) Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering
Affiliation as printed
Center for Wind Power Drives, RWTH Aachen University, Campus-Boulevard 61, 52074 Aachen, Germany
Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstraße 10, 52062 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstraße 10, 52062 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstraße 10, 52062 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Applied Mechanics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Offshore Wind Infrastructure Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Applied Mechanics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Offshore Wind Infrastructure Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Vrije Universiteit Brussel · Flanders Make (Belgium)
Affiliation as printed
Department of Applied Mechanics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
FlandersMake@VUB, Belgium
Offshore Wind Infrastructure Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Vrije Universiteit Brussel · Flanders Make (Belgium)
Affiliation as printed
Department of Applied Mechanics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
FlandersMake@VUB, Belgium
Offshore Wind Infrastructure Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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