Hylaeus subtilis Forster 1871
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Abstract
Hylaeus subtilis Förster, 1871: 1039. Lectotype (here designated) ♀; Austria (MNHN, examined). Hylaeus nigrifacies Bramson, 1879: 281. Holotype ♀; Ukraine: Jekaterinoslaw [= Dnipropetrovsk] [Neotype ♀ designated by Warncke (1986); Ukraine: Cherson, ZSM, examined). New synonym. Prosopis gracilicornis var. luteifrons Strand, 1909: 72. Holotype ♂; Crimea: Sudagh (Holotype deposited at ZMHB and not at DEI as mentioned in Dathe (2023), examined). New synonym. Prosopis moricella Bischoff in Stöckhert, 1954: 70. Holotype ♂; Hungary: Simontornya (ZMHB, examined). New synonym. Prosopis moricella f. atricallosa Bischoff in Stöckhert, 1954: 72. Holotype ♂; Germany [not Hungary as mentioned in Dathe (2023)]: Rahnsdorf, Krumme lake (ZMHB, examined). New synonym. Lectotype of H. subtilis Förster hereby designated (double slash separates different labels) (Fig. 8): nid de Pemph. lugubris // subtilis m. [Förster’s handwriting] // MUSEUM PARIS Coll. Giraud // LECTOTYPE Hylaeus subtilis Förster Le Divelec des. 2024 // MNHN, Paris EY38577. Notes. Hylaeus subtilis Förster was described based on two Swiss specimens from Chur collected by Kriechbaumer and one Austrian specimen received from Giraud and reared from a nest of Pemphredon (Latreille, 1796) (Förster, 1871). The two specimens of Kriechbaumer could not be located by Alfken (1904), who examined the collections of both Förster and Kriechbaumer (ZSM). We (RLD) could not find them either and we believe that the original identification labels on these syntypes may have been removed long ago or that the specimens themselves are lost. The syntype from Giraud’s collection (MNHN) has been located and is designated as the lectotype herein. It is in perfect condition and corresponds precisely with Förster’s original description. Alfken (1902, 1904) examined this specimen and, based on it, synonymised H. subtilis with H. angustatus (Schenck). However, the lectotype is a typical specimen of H. nigrifacies Bramson. The names H. nigrifacies Bramson and H. moricei (Friese, 1898) have been used to refer to the same species in Europe. Their respective use has been subject to conflicting opinions (Ghisbain & Rosa et al. 2023). The authors of this work deliberately followed Warncke (1972, 1986, 1992a) because of the designation of a neotype for H. nigrifacies by Warncke (1986) who unambiguously assigned this name to the species referred to as H. moricei. Although Warncke’s neotype designation was somewhat arbitrary, it is nominally valid according to the ICZN (1985), as this third edition of the code allowed for the creation of neotype for names that were not in “general use”, and advocating now for the invalidation of the neotype could be argued to be equally arbitrary. To address this nomenclatural ambiguity, we formally synonymize H. nigrifacies (and H. moricei) with H. subtilis, which is the oldest available name for this species. The use of the oldest available name, following the Principle of Priority, for the group which is represented by definitively located type material allows for a stable nomenclatural base, avoiding the controversial issue of Warncke’s neotype designation.
Authors 32
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Affiliation as printed
Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Affiliation as printed
Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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University of Tartu Natural History Museum and Botanical Garden · University of Tartu
Affiliation as printed
University of Tartu Natural History Museum, Ülikooli 18, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
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Royal Museum for Central Africa · University of Mons
Affiliation as printed
Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium & Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Julius Kühn-Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Bee Protection, Messeweg 11 / 12, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
University of Vienna, Austria, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Wien, Austria
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Stiftung Kulturlandschaft Günztal
Affiliation as printed
Stiftung Kulturlandschaft Günztal, Ottobeuren, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Mönchhofstr. 16, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
Affiliation as printed
Zoological Museum, University of Kiel, Hegewischstr. 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Natural History Museum of Neuchâtel, Terreaux 14, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Affiliation as printed
Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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ETH Zurich · Institute of Agricultural Sciences
Affiliation as printed
ETH Zürich, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Biocommunication and Entomology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9 / LFO, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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Affiliation as printed
Grupo de Investigación " Transferencia de I + D en el Área de Recursos Naturales ", Universidad de Almería, Ctra. de Sacramento s / n, E- 04120 Almería, Spain;
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info fauna · University of Neuchâtel
Affiliation as printed
Info fauna Swiss Zoological Records Center, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland. Institute of Biology, University of Neuchatel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Affiliation as printed
Institute for Evolutionary Ecology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, acad. Lebedev, 37, 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine
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Affiliation as printed
Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Imbacher Weg 59, D- 51381 Leverkusen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Agroecology Lab, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe CP 264 / 02, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Fischerstrasse 1, 10317 Berlin, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Charles University, Department of Zoology, Viničná 1594 / 7, 128 00 Praha, Czech Republic
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Affiliation as printed
Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK
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Affiliation as printed
Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Affiliation as printed
Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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