Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Modelled as a Complex Dynamic System

NATO science for peace and security series. Sub-series E, Human and societal dynamics

Abstract

The conventional view of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) conceptualizes it as a latent disorder caused by exposure to a traumatic event. However, this perspective may fail to capture the condition’s marked heterogeneity, multifactorial origins, and complex nature. From a complex dynamic systems perspective, PTSD can be understood as a network of interrelated symptoms and contextual factors that evolve over time and mutually reinforce one another. Such interactions can create self-sustaining disorder states. Advances in digital health—such as continuous time-series data from wearable devices and real-time, personalized symptom monitoring—enable the identification of individual-specific patterns and triggers. Combining these data streams with computational psychiatry approaches can facilitate the early detection of destabilizing changes in the symptom network and provide timely, tailored feedback to patients and care teams. Applying a complex dynamic systems framework, in combination with digital tools and computational analysis, may promote self-management, support precision medicine, and ultimately improve outcomes and quality of life for individuals with PTSD.

Authors 4

1. Erik J. Giltay Aachen Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center Department of Public Health and Primary Care

   University of Antwerp · Leiden University Medical Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands

   Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Health Campus, Leiden University Medical Center, The Hague, The Netherlands

   Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

2. Masanori Nagamine

   National Defense Medical College

   Affiliation as printed

   Division of Behavioral Science, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Japan

3. Florentine H. S. van der Does Aachen Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center

   Leiden University Medical Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands

4. Eric H. G. J. M. Vermetten Aachen Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center

   Leiden University Medical Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands