Robust Fat Suppression for High‐Resolution DWI at 5 T Using Slice‐Selection Gradient Modulation and Chemical Shift Encoding
Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, vol. 95, pp. 2594–2610
Abstract
ABSTRACT Purpose Chemical shift encoding (Dixon) can simultaneously remove multiple fat peaks in multi‐shot EPI diffusion‐weighted imaging (ms‐ EPI DWI ) at 3 T with low sensitivity to B 0 inhomogeneity. However, this method is not applicable at 5 T , since increased fat off‐resonance frequencies cause slice position mismatches between different fat peaks. In this work, we propose a two‐step strategy combining slice‐selection gradient modulation ( SSGM ) and Dixon to enhance fat suppression for ms‐ EPI DWI at 5 T. Methods In the first step, SSGM adjusts the amplitudes of excitation and refocusing slice‐selection gradients according to the off‐resonance frequencies of methyl/methylene fat peaks, so that these fat slices are excited but not refocused. In the second step, the olefinic fat peak is chemical shift encoded and separated from the diffusion‐weighted water images through a joint water/fat separation algorithm with structured low‐rank regularization. The two‐step strategy was evaluated in the leg, head‐and‐neck, and prostate. Results In vivo experiments demonstrated that the Dixon‐only methods cannot simultaneously suppress all fat peaks at 5 T , while this problem was addressed by combining SSGM and Dixon. SSGM showed superior suppression for methyl/methylene fat compared to SPAIR . The following Dixon further removed olefinic fat untouched by SPAIR . Qualitative analysis showed improved overall image quality for all anatomies. Prostate experiments showed that the proposed method is also applicable in reduced FOV acquisitions, high‐resolution (1.6‐mm isotropic) and high b value imaging (2800 s/mm 2 ). Conclusion The proposed two‐step strategy improved fat suppression in ms‐ EPI DWI at 5 T , which can potentially enhance whole‐body disease screening and diagnosis.
Authors 12
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Affiliation as printed
Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Biomedical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China
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Leiden University Medical Center
Affiliation as printed
Department of Radiology, LUMC C.J. Gorter MRI Center Leiden the Netherlands
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United Imaging Healthcare (China)
Affiliation as printed
Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Shanghai China
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United Imaging Healthcare (China)
Affiliation as printed
Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Shanghai China
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United Imaging Healthcare (China)
Affiliation as printed
Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Shanghai China
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United Imaging Healthcare (China)
Affiliation as printed
Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Shanghai China
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Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen · Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School · Tsinghua University
Affiliation as printed
Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen Shenzhen Guangdong China
Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen Guangdong China
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Affiliation as printed
Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Biomedical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China
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Affiliation as printed
Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Biomedical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China
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Peking Union Medical College Hospital
Affiliation as printed
Radiology Department Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing China
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Peking Union Medical College Hospital
Affiliation as printed
Radiology Department Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing China
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Hua Guo corresponding
Affiliation as printed
Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Biomedical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China
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