Inhibitory control and error processing in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A mega-analysis of task-based fMRI data by the ENIGMA-OCD consortium
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)
Abstract
Objective: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic condition in which impaired inhibitory control and excessive error monitoring may contribute to the maintenance of obsessions and compulsions. This mega-analysis investigates neural activation during response inhibition and error processing using adult and pediatric data from the ENIGMA-OCD consortium and the ABCD study. Methods: Individual participant data was uniformly processed using HALFpipe to extract statistical maps for response inhibition and error processing contrasts. Bayesian multilevel models were used to assess regional and whole-brain effects of OCD, with additional analyses examining the association between the OCD clinical profile and task-related activation. Results: Across inhibitory control tasks, both individuals with OCD and control participants showed robust activation in regions implicated in response inhibition and error processing. During response inhibition, compared to controls, adults with OCD showed stronger somatomotor cortex activation, while children with OCD showed stronger occipital cortex activation. Children with likely OCD from the ABCD cohort showed reduced activity in the frontoparietal network in the anterior insula/frontal operculum region. During error processing, relative to controls, adults with OCD showed weaker activation in fronto-striatal regions, while children with OCD showed stronger activation in frontoparietal and attention networks. Greater OCD symptom severity was associated with weaker task-related activation in adults and stronger activation in children during response inhibition. Conclusion: Case-control differences in brain activation during inhibitory control varied by age group and task contrast. Symptom severity emerged as the main clinical correlate of activation during inhibition, suggesting that inhibitory control deficits in OCD may be both state-dependent and developmentally specific.
Authors 49
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Nadža Džinalija corresponding
Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers · Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Affiliation as printed
Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity & Attention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers · Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Affiliation as printed
Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity & Attention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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New York State Psychiatric Institute · Columbia University
Affiliation as printed
Center for OCD and Related Disorders, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
Columbia University Irving Medical College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences
Affiliation as printed
OCD clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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Karolinska Institutet · MSH Medical School Hamburg – University of Applied Sciences and Medical University
Affiliation as printed
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
Institute for Systems Medicine, Department of Human Medicine, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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University of Zurich · Heidelberg University · ETH Zurich · Central Institute of Mental Health · Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich
Affiliation as printed
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heid
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University of Zurich · ETH Zurich · Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich
Affiliation as printed
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzer
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Willem B. Bruin Aachen Section Forensic Family & Youth Care Institute of Education and Child Studies
Leiden University · Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers · University of Amsterdam
Affiliation as printed
Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Section Forensic Family and Youth Care, Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
Section Forensic Family and Youth Care, Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leide
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Radboud University Medical Center · Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging · Donders Centre for Neuroscience
Affiliation as printed
Department of Medical Neuroscience, Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Affiliation as printed
Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research · New York University
Affiliation as printed
Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
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Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers · Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Affiliation as printed
Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity & Attention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer
Affiliation as printed
August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
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Hospital Clínic de Barcelona · Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer
Affiliation as printed
August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
Department of Adult Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
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Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin · MSB Medical School Berlin
Affiliation as printed
Department of Psychology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Department of Psychology, Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Haukeland University Hospital · Senter for Krisepsykologi · University of Bergen
Affiliation as printed
Bergen Center for Brain Plasticity, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
Centre for Crisis Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Amsterdam University Medical Centers · Levvel
Affiliation as printed
Amsterdam University Medical Center, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Levvel, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers · Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Affiliation as printed
Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity & Attention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Affiliation as printed
Department of Psychology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Affiliation as printed
Department of Psychology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Seoul National University · Seoul National University Hospital
Affiliation as printed
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National Universi
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Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Neuroradiologie · Technical University of Munich
Affiliation as printed
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Seoul National University · Hanyang University Seoul Hospital
Affiliation as printed
Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Nanyang Technological University
Affiliation as printed
Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Bellvitge University Hospital · Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge
Affiliation as printed
Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
Department of Radiology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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Instituto de Salud Carlos III · Bellvitge University Hospital · Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge · Universitat de Barcelona
Affiliation as printed
Centre for Biomedical Research in the Mental Health Network, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
Centre for Biomedical
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Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers · University of Amsterdam
Affiliation as printed
Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Barwon Health · Deakin University · National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences
Affiliation as printed
Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
Mental Health, Drugs & Alcohol Services, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
OCD clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
Mental Health, Drugs & Alcohol Se
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Haukeland University Hospital · University of Bergen
Affiliation as printed
Bergen Center for Brain Plasticity, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers · Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Affiliation as printed
Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity & Attention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Geestelijke Gezondheidszorg inGeest Specialized Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Geestel
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Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Neuroradiologie · Technical University of Munich
Affiliation as printed
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Faculty of Social Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences
Affiliation as printed
Department of Integrative Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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Instituto de Salud Carlos III · Bellvitge University Hospital · Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge · Universitat de Barcelona
Affiliation as printed
Centre for Biomedical Research in the Mental Health Network, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Centre
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Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research · New York University
Affiliation as printed
Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, U
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University of Southern California
Affiliation as printed
Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
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Haukeland University Hospital · University of Bergen
Affiliation as printed
Bergen Center for Brain Plasticity, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer
Affiliation as printed
August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
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University of Zurich · ETH Zurich · Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich
Affiliation as printed
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzer
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Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin · Deutsches Zentrum für Psychische Gesundheit · Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Affiliation as printed
Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie University Berlin and Humboldt University of Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
German Center for Mental Health, Partner Site Berlin - Potsdam, Germany
Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie University Berlin and Humboldt University of Berlin, Charite Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
German Center for Mental Health, Partner Site Berlin -
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Amsterdam Neuroscience · Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Affiliation as printed
Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity & Attention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University Amsterdam, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers · University of Amsterdam
Affiliation as printed
Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Amsterdam University Medical Centers · Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Affiliation as printed
Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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South African Medical Research Council · University of Cape Town
Affiliation as printed
Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
South African Medical Research Council Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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University of Southern California
Affiliation as printed
Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
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Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers · Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Affiliation as printed
Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity & Attention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije University Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin · Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin · Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin · University of Amsterdam
Affiliation as printed
Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berli
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