Advancing mycelium-based composites: Integrating strength optimization and porosity control for alternative construction materials

CRC Press eBooks, pp. 369–377

Abstract

Mycelium-based composites (MBCs) provide a sustainable alternative to fossil-based materials, combining lignocellulosic substrates and fungal mycelium to form lightweight structures. While their thermal properties are well-studied, mechanical performance remains underexplored. This study aims to enhance MBC compressive strength (σC) and elasticity (E) by minimizing porosity (ϕ) and refining fabrication techniques. A novel methodology integrates gas pycnometry for non-destructive porosity (ϕ) analysis and uniaxial compression tests to assess mechanical properties. Using Ganoderma lucidum and various wood substrates, the study explores incubation periods, particle sizes, and wood-to-wheat bran ratios. Results show denser composites improve σC and E, with beech-based MBCs performing best. Surprisingly, poplar-based composites maintain integrity due to a mycelial “jacketing” effect. Sawdust substrates outperform wood chips, emphasizing substrate refinement’s role. This research advances MBC optimization, offering eco-friendly construction alternatives. Future studies should explore scalability and refine fungal strains for improved mechanical properties.

Authors 7

1. Dana Saez Aachen Chair for Structures and Structural Design Faculty of Architecture

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Chair for Structures and Structural Design , Faculty of Architecture , RWTH-Aachen University

2. D Márföldi Aachen Chair for Structures and Structural Design Faculty of Architecture

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Chair for Structures and Structural Design , Faculty of Architecture , RWTH-Aachen University

3. Denis Grizmann Aachen Chair for Structures and Structural Design Faculty of Architecture

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Chair for Structures and Structural Design , Faculty of Architecture , RWTH-Aachen University

4. Martin Trautz Aachen Chair for Structures and Structural Design Faculty of Architecture

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Chair for Structures and Structural Design , Faculty of Architecture , RWTH-Aachen University

5. M. Zschaetzsch

   Technische Universität Dresden

   Affiliation as printed

   Enzyme Technology Research Group , Bioprocess Engineering , Institute of Natural Materials Technology , Dresden Technical University

6. T. Beihsner

   Technische Universität Dresden

   Affiliation as printed

   Enzyme Technology Research Group , Bioprocess Engineering , Institute of Natural Materials Technology , Dresden Technical University

7. Anett Werner

   Technische Universität Dresden

   Affiliation as printed

   Enzyme Technology Research Group , Bioprocess Engineering , Institute of Natural Materials Technology , Dresden Technical University