Comparative Analysis of Reduction Techniques Aiming for the Minimization of Contaminated Soil with Red Mud

Minerals, vol. 15, pp. 470

Abstract

Comparative analysis of red mud reduction techniques was performed using both carbothermal and hydrogen-based reduction methods, combining thermochemical modeling and experimental validation. The reduction process is mostly important because of the high contamination risk assessment of soil with disposed red mud. Therefore, the minimization of red mud during the reduction process can be a novel strategy for the production of metallic iron and solid residue for hydrometallurgical treatment. Different strategies of hydrogen and carbon reduction in static and dynamic conditions were studied between 700 °C and 1700 °C. The separation of solid residue and formed iron was analyzed using magnetic separation. The main aim was to study the advantages and disadvantages of using decarbonizing technologies for the treatment of red mud, aiming to develop an environmentally friendly process. Thermochemical analysis of the reduction offered new data about mass losses during our process through the evaporation, thermal decomposition, and formation of metallic carbide.

Authors 6

1. Srećko R. Stopić corresponding Aachen IME Process Metallurgy and Metal Recycling IME Process Metallurgy and Metal RecyclingP

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   IME Process Metallurgy and Metal Recycling, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany

   IME Process Metallurgy and Metal RecyclingP, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany

2. Duško Kostić Aachen IME Process Metallurgy and Metal Recycling IME Process Metallurgy and Metal RecyclingP

   University of East Sarajevo · RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Faculty of Technology Zvornik, University of East Sarajevo, 75400 Zvornik, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina

   IME Process Metallurgy and Metal Recycling, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany

   IME Process Metallurgy and Metal RecyclingP, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany

3. Mitar Perušić

   University of East Sarajevo

   Affiliation as printed

   Faculty of Technology Zvornik, University of East Sarajevo, 75400 Zvornik, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina

4. Isnaldi Rodrigues de Souza Filho

   Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Max-Planck-Institut für Nachhaltige Materialien · Institut Jean Lamour · Université de Lorraine

   Affiliation as printed

   Institut Jean Lamour, CNRS (UMR 7198), Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France

   Max-Planck-Institut for Sustainable Materials, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 40237 Duesseldorf, Germany

5. Aleksandar M. Mitrašinović

   Institute of Technical Sciences of SASA

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia

6. Bernd G. Friedrich Aachen IME Process Metallurgy and Metal Recycling IME Process Metallurgy and Metal RecyclingP

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   IME Process Metallurgy and Metal Recycling, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany

   IME Process Metallurgy and Metal RecyclingP, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany