Reweighting simulated events using machine-learning techniques in the CMS experiment

The European Physical Journal C, vol. 85, pp. 495

Abstract

Data analyses in particle physics rely on an accurate simulation of particle collisions and a detailed simulation of detector effects to extract physics knowledge from the recorded data. Event generators together with a geant-based simulation of the detectors are used to produce large samples of simulated events for analysis by the LHC experiments. These simulations come at a high computational cost, where the detector simulation and reconstruction algorithms have the largest CPU demands. This article describes how machine-learning (ML) techniques are used to reweight simulated samples obtained with a given set of parameters to samples with different parameters or samples obtained from entirely different simulation programs. The ML reweighting method avoids the need for simulating the detector response multiple times by incorporating the relevant information in a single sample through event weights. Results are presented for reweighting to model variations and higher-order calculations in simulated top quark pair production at the LHC. This ML-based reweighting is an important element of the future computing model of the CMS experiment and will facilitate precision measurements at the High-Luminosity LHC.

Authors 97

1. A. Hayrapetyan

   A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory

   Affiliation as printed

   Yerevan Physics Institute

2. A. Tumasyan

   A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory · Yerevan State University

   Affiliation as printed

   Yerevan Physics Institute

   Yerevan State University

3. W. Adam

   Institute of High Energy Physics

   Affiliation as printed

   Institut für Hochenergiephysik

4. Janik Walter Andrejkovic

   Institute of High Energy Physics

   Affiliation as printed

   Institut für Hochenergiephysik

5. L. Benato

   Institute of High Energy Physics

   Affiliation as printed

   Institut für Hochenergiephysik

6. T. Bergauer

   Institute of High Energy Physics

   Affiliation as printed

   Institut für Hochenergiephysik

7. S. Chatterjee

   Indian Institute of Technology Madras · Institute of High Energy Physics

   Affiliation as printed

   Indian Institute of Technology Madras

   Institut für Hochenergiephysik

8. K. Damanakis

   Institute of High Energy Physics

   Affiliation as printed

   Institut für Hochenergiephysik

9. M. Dragicevic

   Institute of High Energy Physics

   Affiliation as printed

   Institut für Hochenergiephysik

10. Priya Sajid Hussain

    Institute of High Energy Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut für Hochenergiephysik

11. M. Jeitler

    TU Wien · Institute of High Energy Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut für Hochenergiephysik

    TU Wien

12. Natascha Krammer

    Institute of High Energy Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut für Hochenergiephysik

13. A. Li

    University of California, Santa Barbara · Institute of High Energy Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut für Hochenergiephysik

    University of California, Santa Barbara

14. Dietrich Liko

    Institute of High Energy Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut für Hochenergiephysik

15. I. Mikulec

    Institute of High Energy Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut für Hochenergiephysik

16. J. Schieck

    TU Wien · Institute of High Energy Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut für Hochenergiephysik

    TU Wien

17. Dennis Schwarz

    Institute of High Energy Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut für Hochenergiephysik

18. M. Sonawane

    Institute of High Energy Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut für Hochenergiephysik

19. W. Waltenberger

    Institute of High Energy Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut für Hochenergiephysik

20. C.-E. Wulz

    TU Wien · Institute of High Energy Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut für Hochenergiephysik

    TU Wien

21. X. Janssen

    University of Antwerp

    Affiliation as printed

    Universiteit Antwerpen

22. T. Van Laer

    University of Antwerp

    Affiliation as printed

    Universiteit Antwerpen

23. P. Van Mechelen

    University of Antwerp

    Affiliation as printed

    Universiteit Antwerpen

24. Nordin Breugelmans

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

25. J. D’Hondt

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

26. Soumya Dansana

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

27. A. De Moor

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

28. M. Delcourt

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

29. Felix Heyen

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

30. S. Lowette

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

31. Inna Makarenko

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

32. D. Müller

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

33. S. Tavernier

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

34. M. Tytgat

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel · Ghent University

    Affiliation as printed

    Ghent University

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

35. G. P. Van Onsem

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

36. Senne Van Putte

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

37. David Vannerom

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

38. B. Bilin

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

39. B. Clerbaux

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

40. Abhishek Das

    University of Notre Dame · Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Notre Dame

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

41. I. De Bruyn

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

42. G. De Lentdecker

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

43. Hugues Evard

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

44. L. Favart

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

45. P. Gianneios

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

46. J. Jaramillo

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

47. A. Khalilzadeh

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

48. Fakhri Alam Khan

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

49. Andrea Malara

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

50. S. Paredes

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

51. Muhammad Aamir Shahzad

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

52. Laurent Thomas

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

53. M. Vanden Bemden

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

54. Catherine Vander Velde

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

55. Pascal Vanlaer

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

56. M. De Coen

    Ghent University

    Affiliation as printed

    Ghent University

57. D. Dobur

    Ghent University

    Affiliation as printed

    Ghent University

58. G. Gökbulut

    Ghent University

    Affiliation as printed

    Ghent University

59. Y. Hong

    Ghent University

    Affiliation as printed

    Ghent University

60. J. Knolle

    Ghent University

    Affiliation as printed

    Ghent University

61. Luka Lambrecht

    Ghent University

    Affiliation as printed

    Ghent University

62. David Marckx

    Ghent University

    Affiliation as printed

    Ghent University

63. K. Mota Amarilo

    Ghent University

    Affiliation as printed

    Ghent University

64. K. Skovpen

    Ghent University

    Affiliation as printed

    Ghent University

65. N. Van Den Bossche

    Ghent University

    Affiliation as printed

    Ghent University

66. Jan van der Linden

    Ghent University

    Affiliation as printed

    Ghent University

67. Liam Wezenbeek

    Ghent University

    Affiliation as printed

    Ghent University

68. A. Benecke

    UCLouvain

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Catholique de Louvain

69. Agni Bethani

    UCLouvain

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Catholique de Louvain

70. G. Bruno

    UCLouvain

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Catholique de Louvain

71. C. Caputo

    UCLouvain

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Catholique de Louvain

72. J. De Favereau De Jeneret

    UCLouvain

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Catholique de Louvain

73. Christophe Delaere

    UCLouvain

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Catholique de Louvain

74. I. S. Donertas

    UCLouvain

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Catholique de Louvain

75. ANDREA GIAMMANCO

    UCLouvain

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Catholique de Louvain

76. Ahmet Oguz Guzel

    UCLouvain

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Catholique de Louvain

77. V. Lemaı̂tre

    UCLouvain

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Catholique de Louvain

78. Jindrich Lidrych

    UCLouvain

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Catholique de Louvain

79. Paola Mastrapasqua

    UCLouvain

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Catholique de Louvain

80. T. T. Tran

    UCLouvain

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Catholique de Louvain

81. S. Turkcapar

    UCLouvain

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Catholique de Louvain

82. Gilvan Augusto Alves

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas

    Affiliation as printed

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas

83. E. Coelho

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas

    Affiliation as printed

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas

84. G. Correia Silva

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas

    Affiliation as printed

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas

85. C. Hensel

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas

    Affiliation as printed

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas

86. T. Menezes De Oliveira

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas

    Affiliation as printed

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas

87. Clemencia Mora Herrera

    Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro · Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas · Instituto Politécnico Nacional · Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional

    Affiliation as printed

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas

    Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN

    Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

88. P. Rebello Teles

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas

    Affiliation as printed

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas

89. Mariana Soeiro

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas

    Affiliation as printed

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas

90. E. J. Tonelli Manganote

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas · Centro Universitário FACAMP

    Affiliation as printed

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas

    FACAMP-Faculdades de Campinas

91. A. Vilela Pereira

    Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro · Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas

    Affiliation as printed

    Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas

    Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

92. W. L. Aldá Júnior

    Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

    Affiliation as printed

    Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

93. M. Barroso Ferreira Filho

    Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

    Affiliation as printed

    Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

94. H. Brandao Malbouisson

    Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

    Affiliation as printed

    Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

95. W. Carvalho

    Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

    Affiliation as printed

    Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

96. J. Chinellato

    Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) · Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

    Affiliation as printed

    Universidade Estadual de Campinas

    Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

97. E. M. Da Costa

    Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

    Affiliation as printed

    Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro