Phylogenetic conservatism in the relationship between functional and demographic characteristics in Amazon tree taxa

Functional Ecology, vol. 39, pp. 181–198

Abstract

Abstract Leaf and wood functional traits of trees are related to growth, reproduction, and survival, but the degree of phylogenetic conservatism in these relationships is largely unknown. In this study, we describe the variability of strategies involving leaf, wood and demographic characteristics for tree genera distributed across the Amazon Region, and quantify phylogenetic signal for the characteristics and their relationships. Leaf and wood traits are aligned with demographic variables along two main axes of variation. The first axis represents the coordination of leaf traits describing resource uptake and use, wood density, seed mass, and survival. The second axis represents the coordination between size and growth. Both axes show strong phylogenetic signal, suggesting a constrained evolution influenced by ancestral values, yet the second axis also has an additional, substantial portion of its variation that is driven by functional correlations unrelated to phylogeny, suggesting simultaneously higher evolutionary lability and coordination. Synthesis. Our results suggest that life history strategies of tropical trees are generally phylogenetically conserved, but that tree lineages may have some capability of responding to environmental changes by modulating their growth and size. Overall, we provide the largest‐scale synopsis of functional characteristics of Amazonian trees, showing substantial nuance in the evolutionary patterns of individual characteristics and their relationships. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

Authors 100

1. Pablo Sanchez‐Martinez corresponding

   Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona · Centre for Research on Ecology and Forestry Applications · University of Edinburgh

   Affiliation as printed

   CREAF Barcelona Spain

   Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain

   School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK

   The University of Edinburgh (Old College South Bridge Edinburgh EH8 9YL - United Kingdom)

2. Kyle Graham Dexter

   University of Turin · University of Edinburgh

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of Turin Turin Italy

   School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK

3. Frederick Charles Henry Draper

   University of Liverpool

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Geography and Planning University of Liverpool Liverpool UK

   University of Liverpool (Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom - United Kingdom)

4. Christopher Baraloto

   Florida International University

   Affiliation as printed

   International Center for Tropical Botany (ICTB) Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University Miami Florida USA

   International Center for Tropical Botany (ICTB) Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University Miami Florida USA

5. Iêda Leão do Amaral

   Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

   Affiliation as printed

   Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

6. Luiz de Souza Coêlho

   Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

   Affiliation as printed

   Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

7. Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos

   Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

   Affiliation as printed

   Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

8. Diógenes de Andrade Lima Filho

   Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

   Affiliation as printed

   Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

9. Rafael P. Salomão

   Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi · Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia

   Affiliation as printed

   Coordenação de Botânica Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Belém Brazil

   Programa Professor Visitante Nacional Sênior na Amazônia—CAPES Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia Belém Brazil

10. Florian Wittmann

    Karlsruhe Institute of Technology · Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Ecology, Monitoring and Sustainable Use of Wetlands (MAUA) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

    Wetland Department, Institute of Geography and Geoecology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology—KIT Rastatt Germany

11. Carolina Volkmer de Castilho

    Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation

    Affiliation as printed

    Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima, Embrapa Roraima Boa Vista Brazil

    Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima, Embrapa Roraima Boa Vista Brazil

12. Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim

    Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá

    Affiliation as printed

    Departamento de Botânica Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Amapá—IEPA Macapá Brazil

13. Juan Ernesto Guevara

    Field Museum of Natural History · Universidad de Las Américas

    Affiliation as printed

    Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad, Medio Ambiente y Salud‐BIOMAS Universidad de las Américas Quito Ecuador

    Keller Science Action Center The Field Museum Chicago Illinois USA

14. Oliver Lawrence Phillips

    University of Leeds

    Affiliation as printed

    School of Geography University of Leeds Leeds UK

    University of Leeds (Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT - United Kingdom)

15. William Ernest Magnusson

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

16. Daniel Sabatier

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement · Université de Montpellier · Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement · UMR Botanique et Modélisation de l’Architecture des Plantes et des végétations · Institut de Recherche pour le Développement

    Affiliation as printed

    AMAP (botAnique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des végétations) Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD Montpellier France

17. Juan David Cardenas Revilla

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

18. Jean‐François Molino

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement · Université de Montpellier · Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement · UMR Botanique et Modélisation de l’Architecture des Plantes et des végétations · Institut de Recherche pour le Développement

    Affiliation as printed

    AMAP (botAnique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des végétations) Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD Montpellier France

19. Mariana Victória Irume

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

20. Maria Pires Martins

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

21. José Renan da Silva Guimarães
    Affiliation as printed

    Amcel Amapá Florestal e Celulose S.A. Santana Brazil

22. José Ferreira Ramos

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

23. Olaf Bánki Aachen Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden The Netherlands

    Naturalis Biodiversity Center

    Affiliation as printed

    Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden The Netherlands

24. María Teresa Fernández Piedade

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Ecology, Monitoring and Sustainable Use of Wetlands (MAUA) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

25. Dairon Cárdenas López

    Instituto Sinchi

    Affiliation as printed

    Herbario Amazónico Colombiano Instituto SINCHI Bogotá Colombia

26. Nigel C. A. Pitman

    Field Museum of Natural History

    Affiliation as printed

    Collections, Conservation and Research The Field Museum Chicago Illinois USA

27. Layon Oreste Demarchi

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Ecology, Monitoring and Sustainable Use of Wetlands (MAUA) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

28. Jochen Schöngart

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Ecology, Monitoring and Sustainable Use of Wetlands (MAUA) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

29. Bruno Garcia Luize

    Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)

    Affiliation as printed

    Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia Universidade Estadual de Campinas—UNICAMP Campinas Brazil

30. Evlyn Márcia Moraes de Leão Novo

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais

    Affiliation as printed

    Divisao de Sensoriamento Remoto—DSR Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais—INPE São José dos Campos Brazil

31. Percy Núñez Vargas

    National University of Saint Anthony the Abbot in Cuzco

    Affiliation as printed

    Herbario Vargas Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco Cusco Peru

32. Thiago Sanna Freire Silva

    University of Stirling

    Affiliation as printed

    Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Stirling Stirling UK

33. Eduardo Martins Venticinque

    Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

    Affiliation as printed

    Departamento de Ecologia, Centro de Biociências Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil

34. Ângelo Gilberto Manzatto

    Universidade Federal de Rondônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal de Rondônia Porto Velho Brazil

35. Neidiane Farias Costa Reis

    Universidade Federal de Rondônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Programa de Pós‐ Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia PPG‐ Bionorte Universidade Federal de Rondônia Porto Velho Brazil

36. John Terborgh

    Florida Museum of Natural History · University of Florida · James Cook University

    Affiliation as printed

    Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science and College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Cairns Queensland Australia

    Department of Biology and Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA

37. Katia Regina Casula

    Universidade Federal de Rondônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Programa de Pós‐ Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia PPG‐ Bionorte Universidade Federal de Rondônia Porto Velho Brazil

38. Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado

    University of St Andrews · Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana

    Affiliation as printed

    Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP) Iquitos Peru

    School of Geography and Sustainable Development University of St Andrews St Andrews UK

39. Abel Lorenzo Monteagudo Mendoza

    National University of Saint Anthony the Abbot in Cuzco · Jardín Botánico de Missouri

    Affiliation as printed

    Herbario Vargas Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco Cusco Peru

    Jardín Botánico de Missouri Oxapampa Peru

40. Juan Carlos Montero

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia · Bolivian Forest Research Institute

    Affiliation as printed

    Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

    Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal Santa Cruz Bolivia

41. Flávia R. C. Costa

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

42. Ted R. Feldpausch

    University of Leeds · University of Exeter

    Affiliation as printed

    Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Exeter UK

    School of Geography University of Leeds Leeds UK

43. Adriano Costa Quaresma

    Karlsruhe Institute of Technology · Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Ecology, Monitoring and Sustainable Use of Wetlands (MAUA) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

    Wetland Department, Institute of Geography and Geoecology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology—KIT Rastatt Germany

44. Nicolás Castaño Arboleda

    Instituto Sinchi

    Affiliation as printed

    Herbario Amazónico Colombiano Instituto SINCHI Bogotá Colombia

45. Charles E. Zartman

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

46. Timothy J. Killeen
    Affiliation as printed

    Agteca‐Amazonica Santa Cruz Bolivia

47. Beatriz Schwantes Marimon

    Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso

    Affiliation as printed

    Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso Nova Xavantina Brazil

48. Ben Hur Marimon-Junior

    Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso

    Affiliation as printed

    Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso Nova Xavantina Brazil

49. Rodolfo Vásquez

    Jardín Botánico de Missouri

    Affiliation as printed

    Jardín Botánico de Missouri Oxapampa Peru

50. Bonifacio Mostacedo

    Gabriel René Moreno Autonomous University

    Affiliation as printed

    Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno Santa Cruz Bolivia

51. Rafael L. Assis

    Vale Technological Institute

    Affiliation as printed

    Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Instituto Tecnológico Vale Belém Brazil

52. Dário Dantas do Amaral

    Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi

    Affiliation as printed

    Coordenação de Botânica Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Belém Brazil

53. Julien Engel

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement · Florida International University · Université de Montpellier · Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement · UMR Botanique et Modélisation de l’Architecture des Plantes et des végétations · Institut de Recherche pour le Développement

    Affiliation as printed

    AMAP (botAnique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des végétations) Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD Montpellier France

    International Center for Tropical Botany (ICTB) Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University Miami Florida USA

54. Hernán Castellanos

    Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana

    Affiliation as printed

    Centro de Investigaciones Ecológicas de Guayana Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana Puerto Ordaz Venezuela

55. Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros

    Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation

    Affiliation as printed

    Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia Parque Estação Biológica Brasilia Brazil

56. Marcelo Fragomeni Simon

    Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation

    Affiliation as printed

    Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia Parque Estação Biológica Brasilia Brazil

57. Ana C. Andrade

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

58. José Luís Camargo

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

59. William Frederick Laurance

    James Cook University

    Affiliation as printed

    Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science and College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Cairns Queensland Australia

60. Susan G. W. Laurance

    James Cook University

    Affiliation as printed

    Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science and College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Cairns Queensland Australia

61. Lorena Maniguaje Rincón

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

62. Juliana Schietti

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

63. Thaiane Rodrigues de Sousa

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

64. Emanuelle de Sousa Farias
    Affiliation as printed

    Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis da Amazônia (EDTA) Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane Manaus Brazil

65. Maria Aparecida Lopes

    Universidade Federal do Pará

    Affiliation as printed

    Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal do Pará Belém Brazil

66. José Leonardo Lima Magalhães

    Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation · Universidade Federal do Pará

    Affiliation as printed

    Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária Embrapa Amazônia Oriental Belém Brazil

    Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia Universidade Federal do Pará Belém Brazil

67. Henrique Eduardo Mendonça Nascimento

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

68. Helder Lima de Queiroz

    Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá

    Affiliation as printed

    Diretoria Técnico‐Científica Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá Tefé Brazil

69. Gerardo A. Aymard C.
    Affiliation as printed

    Programa de Ciencias del Agro y el Mar Herbario Universitario (PORT) Guanare Venezuela

70. Roel Brienen

    University of Leeds

    Affiliation as printed

    School of Geography University of Leeds Leeds UK

71. Pablo R. Stevenson

    Universidad de Los Andes

    Affiliation as printed

    Laboratorio de Ecología de Bosques Tropicales y Primatología Universidad de los Andes Bogotá Colombia

72. Alejandro Araujo‐Murakami

    Gabriel René Moreno Autonomous University · Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado

    Affiliation as printed

    Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno Santa Cruz Bolivia

73. Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra

    University of Birmingham

    Affiliation as printed

    Birmingham Institute for Forest Research University of Birmingham Birmingham UK

74. Timothy R. Baker

    University of Leeds

    Affiliation as printed

    School of Geography University of Leeds Leeds UK

75. Yuri Oliveira Feitosa

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biologia (Botânica) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

76. Hugo F. Mogollón
    Affiliation as printed

    Endangered Species Coalition Silver Spring Maryland USA

77. Carlos A. Peres

    University of East Anglia

    Affiliation as printed

    School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich UK

78. Miles R. Silman

    Wake Forest University

    Affiliation as printed

    Biology Department and Center for Energy, Environment and Sustainability Wake Forest University Winston Salem North Carolina USA

79. Leandro Valle Ferreira

    Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi

    Affiliation as printed

    Coordenação de Botânica Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Belém Brazil

80. José Rafael Lozada

    Universidad de Los Andes

    Affiliation as printed

    Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal Universidad de los Andes Mérida Venezuela

81. James A. Comiskey

    National Park Service · Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute

    Affiliation as printed

    Center for Conservation and Sustainability Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute Washington District of Columbia USA

    Inventory and Monitoring Program National Park Service Fredericksburg Virginia USA

82. José Júlio de Toledo

    Universidade Federal do Amapá

    Affiliation as printed

    Universidade Federal do Amapá, Ciências Ambientais Macapá Brazil

83. Gabriel Damasco

    University of Gothenburg

    Affiliation as printed

    Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden

84. Nállarett Dávila

    Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)

    Affiliation as printed

    Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia Universidade Estadual de Campinas—UNICAMP Campinas Brazil

85. Roosevelt García‐Villacorta
    Affiliation as printed

    Centro para la Restauración y Bioeconomía Sostenible—CREBIOS Lima Peru

    Peruvian Center for Biodiversity and Conservation (PCBC) Iquitos Peru

86. Aline Lopes

    Centro Universitário Cesumar

    Affiliation as printed

    Postgraduate Program in Clean Technologies UniCesumar and Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology, and Innovation (ICETI), UniCesumar Maringá Brazil

87. Alberto Vicentini

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

88. Fernando Cornejo Valverde
    Affiliation as printed

    Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program Madre de Dios Peru

89. Alfonso Alonso

    Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute

    Affiliation as printed

    Center for Conservation and Sustainability Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute Washington District of Columbia USA

90. Luzmila Arroyo

    Gabriel René Moreno Autonomous University · Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado

    Affiliation as printed

    Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno Santa Cruz Bolivia

91. Francisco Dallmeier

    Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute

    Affiliation as printed

    Center for Conservation and Sustainability Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute Washington District of Columbia USA

92. Vitor H. F. Gomes

    University of Turku · Universidade Federal do Pará

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Biology University of Turku Turku Finland

    Environmental Science Program, Geosciences Department Universidade Federal do Pará Belém Brazil

93. David Neill

    Universidad Estatal Amazónica

    Affiliation as printed

    Universidad Estatal Amazónica Puyo Ecuador

94. María Cristina Peñuela Mora

    Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM

    Affiliation as printed

    Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM Tena Ecuador

95. Janaína da Costa de Noronha

    Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso

    Affiliation as printed

    ICNHS Federal University of Mato Grosso Sinop Brazil

96. Daniel P. P. de Aguiar

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

    Affiliation as printed

    Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

    Procuradoria‐Geral de Justiça Ministério Público do Estado do Amazonas Manaus Brazil

97. F. R. Barbosa

    Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso

    Affiliation as printed

    ICNHS Federal University of Mato Grosso Sinop Brazil

98. Yennie K. Bredin

    Norwegian University of Life Sciences

    Affiliation as printed

    Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) Aas Norway

99. Rainiellen de Sá Carpanedo

    Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso

    Affiliation as printed

    ICNHS Federal University of Mato Grosso Sinop Brazil

100. Fernanda Antunes Carvalho

     Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais · Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia

     Affiliation as printed

     Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA Manaus Brazil

     Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil