Metropolitan-scale heralded entanglement of solid-state qubits

Science Advances, vol. 10, pp. eadp6442

Abstract

A key challenge toward future quantum internet technology is connecting quantum processors at metropolitan scale. Here, we report on heralded entanglement between two independently operated quantum network nodes separated by 10 kilometers. The two nodes hosting diamond spin qubits are linked with a midpoint station via 25 kilometers of deployed optical fiber. We minimize the effects of fiber photon loss by quantum frequency conversion of the qubit-native photons to the telecom L-band and by embedding the link in an extensible phase-stabilized architecture enabling the use of the loss-resilient single-click entangling protocol. By capitalizing on the full heralding capabilities of the network link in combination with real-time feedback logic on the long-lived qubits, we demonstrate the delivery of a predefined entangled state on the nodes irrespective of the heralding detection pattern. Addressing key scaling challenges and being compatible with different qubit systems, our architecture establishes a generic platform for exploring metropolitan-scale quantum networks.

Authors 21

1. Arian Stolk corresponding

   QuTech · Delft University of Technology

   Affiliation as printed

   QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ, Delft, Netherlands

2. Kian L. van der Enden corresponding

   QuTech · Delft University of Technology

   Affiliation as printed

   QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ, Delft, Netherlands

3. Marie-Christine Slater

   QuTech · Delft University of Technology

   Affiliation as printed

   QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ, Delft, Netherlands

4. Ingmar te Raa

   QuTech · Delft University of Technology

   Affiliation as printed

   QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ, Delft, Netherlands

5. Pieter Botma

   QuTech · Delft University of Technology

   Affiliation as printed

   QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ, Delft, Netherlands

6. Joris van Rantwijk

   QuTech · Delft University of Technology

   Affiliation as printed

   QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ, Delft, Netherlands

7. Ronald Hagen

   Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research · QuTech · Delft University of Technology

   Affiliation as printed

   Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), P.O. Box 155, 2600 AD, Delft, Netherlands

   QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ, Delft, Netherlands

8. R.W. Herfst

   Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research · QuTech · Delft University of Technology

   Affiliation as printed

   Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), P.O. Box 155, 2600 AD, Delft, Netherlands

   QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ, Delft, Netherlands

9. Wouter D. Koek

   Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research · QuTech · Delft University of Technology

   Affiliation as printed

   Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), P.O. Box 155, 2600 AD, Delft, Netherlands

   QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ, Delft, Netherlands

10. René Vollmer

    Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research · QuTech · Delft University of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), P.O. Box 155, 2600 AD, Delft, Netherlands

    QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ, Delft, Netherlands

11. E.J. van Zwet

    Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research · QuTech · Delft University of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), P.O. Box 155, 2600 AD, Delft, Netherlands

    QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ, Delft, Netherlands

12. Matthew Markham

    Element Six (United Kingdom)

    Affiliation as printed

    Element Six Innovation, Fermi Avenue, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QR, UK

13. Andrew M. Edmonds

    Element Six (United Kingdom)

    Affiliation as printed

    Element Six Innovation, Fermi Avenue, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QR, UK

14. Jan Fabian Geus Aachen Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology ILT

    Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology · RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology ILT, 52074 Aachen, Germany

    RWTH-Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany

15. Florian Elsen Aachen Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology ILT

    Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology · RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology ILT, 52074 Aachen, Germany

    RWTH-Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany

16. Bernd Jungbluth Aachen Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology ILT

    Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology ILT, 52074 Aachen, Germany

17. C. Haefner Aachen Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology ILT

    Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology · RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology ILT, 52074 Aachen, Germany

    RWTH-Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany

18. Christoph Tresp

    Toptica Photonics (Germany)

    Affiliation as printed

    TOPTICA Photonics AG, Lochhamer Schlag 19, 82166 Graefelfing, Germany

19. J. Stühler

    Toptica Photonics (Germany)

    Affiliation as printed

    TOPTICA Photonics AG, Lochhamer Schlag 19, 82166 Graefelfing, Germany

20. Stephan Ritter

    Toptica Photonics (Germany)

    Affiliation as printed

    TOPTICA Photonics AG, Lochhamer Schlag 19, 82166 Graefelfing, Germany

21. Ronald Hanson corresponding

    QuTech · Delft University of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ, Delft, Netherlands