Euclid preparation

Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 684, pp. A139

Abstract

Aims. We derived galaxy colour selections from Euclid and ground-based photometry, aiming to accurately define background galaxy samples in cluster weak-lensing analyses. These selections have been implemented in the Euclid data analysis pipelines for galaxy clusters. Methods. Given any set of photometric bands, we developed a method for the calibration of optimal galaxy colour selections that maximises the selection completeness, given a threshold on purity. Such colour selections are expressed as a function of the lens redshift. Results. We calibrated galaxy selections using simulated ground-based griz and EuclidYEJEHE photometry. Both selections produce a purity higher than 97%. The griz selection completeness ranges from 30% to 84% in the lens redshift range zl ∈ [0.2, 0.8]. With the full grizYEJEHE selection, the completeness improves by up to 25 percentage points, and the zl range extends up to zl = 1.5. The calibrated colour selections are stable to changes in the sample limiting magnitudes and redshift, and the selection based on griz bands provides excellent results on real external datasets. Furthermore, the calibrated selections provide stable results using alternative photometric aperture definitions obtained from different ground-based telescopes. The griz selection is also purer at high redshift and more complete at low redshift compared to colour selections found in the literature. We find excellent agreement in terms of purity and completeness between the analysis of an independent, simulated Euclid galaxy catalogue and our calibration sample, except for galaxies at high redshifts, for which we obtain up to 50 percentage points higher completeness. The combination of colour and photo-z selections applied to simulated Euclid data yields up to 95% completeness, while the purity decreases down to 92% at high zl. We show that the calibrated colour selections provide robust results even when observations from a single band are missing from the ground-based data. Finally, we show that colour selections do not disrupt the shear calibration for stage III surveys. The first Euclid data releases will provide further insights into the impact of background selections on the shear calibration.

Authors 100

1. Giorgio Francesco Lesci

   FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland

   Affiliation as printed

   Arts of Northwestern Switzer- land , School of Engineering , 5210 Windisch , Switzerland

2. Mauro Sereno

   FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland

   Affiliation as printed

   Arts of Northwestern Switzer- land , School of Engineering , 5210 Windisch , Switzerland

3. M. Radovich
   Affiliation as printed

   A&A , 684 , A139 (2024)

4. G. Castignani
5. Laura Bisigello
   Affiliation as printed

   A&A , 684 , A139 (2024)

6. F. Marulli
   Affiliation as printed

   A&A , 684 , A139 (2024)

7. Lauro Moscardini
8. Lucie Baumont

   Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · CEA Paris-Saclay

   Affiliation as printed

   Arts of Northwestern Switzer- land , School of Engineering , 5210 Windisch , Switzerland

   AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005, ex 'Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles', Service d'astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)

9. G. Covone

   FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland

   Affiliation as printed

   Arts of Northwestern Switzer- land , School of Engineering , 5210 Windisch , Switzerland

10. S. Farrens

    Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · CEA Paris-Saclay

    Affiliation as printed

    Arts of Northwestern Switzer- land , School of Engineering , 5210 Windisch , Switzerland

    AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005, ex 'Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles', Service d'astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)

11. C. Giocoli
12. L. Ingoglia
13. S. Miranda La Hera

    Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · CEA Paris-Saclay

    Affiliation as printed

    AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005, ex 'Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles', Service d'astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)

14. Michael Walter Vannier
    Affiliation as printed

    A&A , 684 , A139 (2024)

    LAGRANGE - Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (Boulevard de l'Observatoire B.P. 4229 06304 Nice Cedex 04 - France - France)

15. A. Biviano
16. S. Maurogordato

    FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland

    Affiliation as printed

    Arts of Northwestern Switzer- land , School of Engineering , 5210 Windisch , Switzerland

    LAGRANGE - Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (Boulevard de l'Observatoire B.P. 4229 06304 Nice Cedex 04 - France - France)

17. N. Aghanim

    Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale

    Affiliation as printed

    IAS - Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (Bâtiment 121 91405 ORSAY CEDEX - France)

18. Adam Amara

    FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland

    Affiliation as printed

    Arts of Northwestern Switzer- land , School of Engineering , 5210 Windisch , Switzerland

19. Stefano Andreon
20. N. Auricchio
21. Marco Baldi
22. S. Bardelli
23. Ralf Bender
    Affiliation as printed

    A&A , 684 , A139 (2024)

24. Christof T. Bodendorf
25. D. Bonino

    FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland

    Affiliation as printed

    Arts of Northwestern Switzer- land , School of Engineering , 5210 Windisch , Switzerland

26. E. Branchini
27. M. Brescia
28. J. Brinchmann
29. S. Camera
30. V. Capobianco
31. C. Carbone
    Affiliation as printed

    A&A , 684 , A139 (2024)

32. J. Carretero
    Affiliation as printed

    A&A , 684 , A139 (2024)

33. Santiago Casas Aachen Institute for Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology

    RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute for Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology (TTK) , RWTH Aachen University , 52056 Aachen , Germany

34. Francisco Javier Castander
35. M. Castellano
36. S. Cavuoti
37. A. Cimatti

    University of Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Augusto Righi " -Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna , Viale Berti Pichat 6/2 , 40127 Bologna , Italy

38. G. Congedo

    Royal Observatory · University of Edinburgh

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute for Astronomy , University of Edinburgh , Royal Observa- tory , Blackford Hill , Edinburgh EH9 3HJ , UK

39. Christopher J. Conselice

    University of Manchester

    Affiliation as printed

    Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics , Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , UK

40. L. Conversi

    European Space Agency · European Space Astronomy Centre · European Space Research Institute

    Affiliation as printed

    ESAC/ESA , Camino Bajo del Castillo , s/n , Urb. Villafranca del Castillo , 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada , Madrid , Spain

    European Space Agency/ESRIN , Largo Galileo Galilei 1 , 00044 Frascati , Roma , Italy

41. Y. Copin

    Lyon 1 Université · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université de Lyon · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    University of Lyon , Univ. Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , CNRS /IN2P3 ,

    IP2I Lyon - Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (Campus LyonTech-la Doua Bâtiment Paul DIRAC 4 Rue Enrico Fermi 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)

42. L. Corcione

    FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland

    Affiliation as printed

    Arts of Northwestern Switzer- land , School of Engineering , 5210 Windisch , Switzerland

43. F. Courbin
44. Hélène M. Courtois

    Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    IP2I Lyon - Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (Campus LyonTech-la Doua Bâtiment Paul DIRAC 4 Rue Enrico Fermi 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)

45. A. Da Silva

    University of Lisbon · Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences

    Affiliation as printed

    Departamento de Física , Faculdade de Ciências , Universidade de Lisboa , Edifício C8 , Campo Grande , 1749-016 Lisboa , Portugal

    Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço , Faculdade de Ciên- cias , Universidade de Lisboa , Campo Grande , 1749-016 Lisboa , Portugal

46. Hubert Degaudenzi
47. Anna M. Di Giorgio

    Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere , 100 , 00100 Roma , Italy

48. J. Dinis

    University of Lisbon · Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences

    Affiliation as printed

    Departamento de Física , Faculdade de Ciências , Universidade de Lisboa , Edifício C8 , Campo Grande , 1749-016 Lisboa , Portugal

    Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço , Faculdade de Ciên- cias , Universidade de Lisboa , Campo Grande , 1749-016 Lisboa , Portugal

49. F. Dubath

    University of Geneva

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Astronomy , University of Geneva , Ch. d'Ecogia 16 , 1290 Versoix , Switzerland

50. C. A. J. Duncan
51. X. Dupac
52. S. Dusini

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova

    Affiliation as printed

    INFN-Padova , Via Marzolo 8 , 35131 Padova , Italy

53. Maria Farina

    Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere , 100 , 00100 Roma , Italy

54. S. Ferriol

    Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    IP2I Lyon - Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (Campus LyonTech-la Doua Bâtiment Paul DIRAC 4 Rue Enrico Fermi 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)

55. P. Fosalba

    Institute of Space Sciences · Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , Carrer Gran Capitá 2-4 , 08034 Barcelona , Spain

    Institut de Ciencies de l 'Espai (IEEC-CSIC) , Campus UAB , Car- rer de Can Magrans , s/n Cerdanyola del Vallés , 08193 Barcelona , Spain

56. S. Fotopoulou

    University of Bristol

    Affiliation as printed

    School of Physics , HH Wills Physics Laboratory , University of Bristol , Tyndall Avenue , Bristol BS8 1TL , UK

57. M. Frailis

    Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    IP2I Lyon , UMR 5822 , 69622 Villeurbanne , France

58. Enrico Franceschi
59. P. Franzetti

    FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland

    Affiliation as printed

    Arts of Northwestern Switzer- land , School of Engineering , 5210 Windisch , Switzerland

60. M. Fumana
61. Samuele Galeotta

    FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland

    Affiliation as printed

    Arts of Northwestern Switzer- land , School of Engineering , 5210 Windisch , Switzerland

62. B. Garilli
63. Bryan R. Gillis

    Royal Observatory · University of Edinburgh

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute for Astronomy , University of Edinburgh , Royal Observa- tory , Blackford Hill , Edinburgh EH9 3HJ , UK

64. A. Grazian

    Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    IP2I Lyon , UMR 5822 , 69622 Villeurbanne , France

65. F Grupp

    Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

    Affiliation as printed

    University Observatory , Faculty of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians- Universität , Scheinerstr. 1 , 81679 Munich , Germany

66. S. V. H. Haugan
67. I. Hook

    Lancaster University

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics , Lancaster University , Lancaster LA1 4YB , UK

68. F. Hormuth
69. Allan Hornstrup

    Technical University of Denmark

    Affiliation as printed

    Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) , Copenhagen , Denmark

    Technical University of Denmark , Elektrovej 327 , 2800 Kgs. Lyn - gby , Denmark

70. Patrick Hudelot

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris , UMR 7095 , CNRS , and Sor- bonne Université , 98 bis boulevard Arago , 75014 Paris , France

    IAP - Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (98bis, bd Arago - 75014 Paris France - France)

71. K. Jahnkę
72. M. Kümmel

    FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland

    Affiliation as printed

    Arts of Northwestern Switzer- land , School of Engineering , 5210 Windisch , Switzerland

73. Smaïn Kermiche

    Centre de physique des particules de Marseille

    Affiliation as printed

    CPPM - Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (163, avenue de Luminy - Case 902 - 13288 Marseille cedex 09 - France)

74. A. Kiessling

    Jet Propulsion Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    Jet Propulsion Laboratory , California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Drive , Pasadena , CA 91109 , USA

75. M. Kilbinger

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · CEA Paris-Saclay

    Affiliation as printed

    AIM , CEA , CNRS , Université Paris-Saclay , Université de Paris , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette , France

    AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005, ex 'Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles', Service d'astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)

76. Bogna Kubik

    Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    IP2I Lyon - Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (Campus LyonTech-la Doua Bâtiment Paul DIRAC 4 Rue Enrico Fermi 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)

77. Martin Kunz
78. Hannu Kurki-Suonio
79. S. Ligori
80. Per Barth Lilje
81. V. Lindholm
82. Ivan Lloro
83. E. Maiorano

    Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    IP2I Lyon , UMR 5822 , 69622 Villeurbanne , France

84. O. Mansutti
85. O. Marggraf
86. Katarina Markovic
87. N. Martinet

    Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille

    Affiliation as printed

    LAM - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (Pôle de l'Étoile Site de Château-Gombert 38, rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie 13388 Marseille cedex 13 - France)

88. R. Massey
89. Eduardo Medinaceli
90. M. Melchior
91. Y. Mellier

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris , 98bis Boulevard Arago , 75014 Paris , France

    Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris , UMR 7095 , CNRS , and Sor- bonne Université , 98 bis boulevard Arago , 75014 Paris , France

    IAP - Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (98bis, bd Arago - 75014 Paris France - France)

92. Massimo Meneghetti
93. E. Merlin

    Astronomical Observatory of Rome · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via Frascati 33 , 00078 Monteporzio Catone , Italy

94. G. Meylan
95. M. Moresco
96. Emiliano Munari
97. R. Nakajima
98. S.-M Niemi
99. C. Padilla Aranda
100. S. Paltani

     University of Geneva

     Affiliation as printed

     Department of Astronomy , University of Geneva , Ch. d'Ecogia 16 , 1290 Versoix , Switzerland