Visible extreme adaptive optics on extremely large telescopes: Towards detecting oxygen in Proxima Centauri b and analogs
Abstract
Looking to the future of exo-Earth imaging from the ground, core technology developments are required in visible extreme adaptive optics (ExAO) to enable the observation of atmospheric features such as oxygen on rocky planets in visible light. UNDERGROUND (Ultra-fast AO techNology Determination for Exoplanet imageRs from the GROUND), a collaboration built in Feb. 2023 at the Optimal Exoplanet Imagers Lorentz Workshop, aims to (1) motivate oxygen detection in Proxima Centauri b and analogs as an informative science case for high-contrast imaging and direct spectroscopy, (2) overview the state of the field with respect to visible exoplanet imagers, and (3) set the instrumental requirements to achieve this goal and identify what key technologies require further development.
Authors 41
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University of California, Santa Cruz
Affiliation as printed
Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics , University of California , Santa Cruz , CA , USA
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Affiliation as printed
Steward Observatory , University of Arizona , Tucson , AZ , USA
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Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics · National Research Council Canada
Affiliation as printed
National Research Council Canada , Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Center , Victoria , Canada
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Leiden University · Leiden Observatory
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , Leiden , The Netherlands
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble
Affiliation as printed
Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CNRS , IPAG , Grenoble , France
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble
Affiliation as printed
Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CNRS , IPAG , Grenoble , France
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Ames Research Center · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Côte d'Azur · Lagrange Laboratory · Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
Affiliation as printed
NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field , USA
Université Côte d'Azur , Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur , CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , France
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Max Planck Society · University of Liège · Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems
Affiliation as printed
Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Tübingen , Germany
STAR Institute , Université de Liège , Liège , Belgium
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université · ETH Zurich
Affiliation as printed
Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS , CNES , LAM , Marseille , France
Department of Physics , ETH Zurich , Switzerland
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University of California, Riverside · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Paris Sciences et Lettres · Observatoire de Paris · Sorbonne Université · Laboratoire d’études spatiales et d’instrumentation en astrophysique
Affiliation as printed
LESIA , Observatoire de Paris , Université PSL , CNRS , Sorbonne Université , Université de Paris , Meudon , France
University of California , Riverside
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Ames Research Center · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Côte d'Azur · Lagrange Laboratory · Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
Affiliation as printed
NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field , USA
Université Côte d'Azur , Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur , CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , France
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Leiden University · Leiden Observatory
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , Leiden , The Netherlands
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble
Affiliation as printed
Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CNRS , IPAG , Grenoble , France
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Affiliation as printed
School of Physics and Astronomy , University of Leicester , Leicester , UK
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université · ETH Zurich
Affiliation as printed
Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS , CNES , LAM , Marseille , France
Department of Physics , ETH Zurich , Switzerland
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences and
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California Institute of Technology
Affiliation as printed
Department of Astronomy , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , CA , USA
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Leiden University · Leiden Observatory · Space Research Organisation Netherlands
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , Leiden , The Netherlands
SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research , Leiden , The Netherlands
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Ames Research Center · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Côte d'Azur · Lagrange Laboratory · Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
Affiliation as printed
NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field , USA
Université Côte d'Azur , Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur , CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , France
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Université Paris-Saclay · Office National d'Études et de Recherches Aérospatiales · Département Traitement de l’Information et Systèmes
Affiliation as printed
DTIS , ONERA , Université Paris Saclay , Palaiseau , France
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Goddard Space Flight Center · University of Maryland, Baltimore County
Affiliation as printed
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt , MD , USA
University of Maryland Baltimore County , 1000 Hilltop Cir , Baltimore , MD , USA
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Leiden University · Leiden Observatory
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , Leiden , The Netherlands
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Leiden University · Leiden Observatory
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , Leiden , The Netherlands
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Max Planck Society · University of Liège · Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems
Affiliation as printed
Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Tübingen , Germany
STAR Institute , Université de Liège , Liège , Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
European Space Agency , ESTEC , The Netherlands w Department of Physics ,
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University of California, Riverside · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Paris Sciences et Lettres · Observatoire de Paris · Sorbonne Université · Laboratoire d’études spatiales et d’instrumentation en astrophysique
Affiliation as printed
LESIA , Observatoire de Paris , Université PSL , CNRS , Sorbonne Université , Université de Paris , Meudon , France
University of California , Riverside
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble
Affiliation as printed
Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CNRS , IPAG , Grenoble , France
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Max Planck Society · University of Liège · Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems
Affiliation as printed
Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems , Tübingen , Germany
STAR Institute , Université de Liège , Liège , Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics , McGill University , Montréal , QC , Canada
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble
Affiliation as printed
Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CNRS , IPAG , Grenoble , France
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Space Telescope Science Institute
Affiliation as printed
Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore , MD , USA
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Space Telescope Science Institute
Affiliation as printed
Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore , MD , USA
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Leiden University · Leiden Observatory
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , Leiden , The Netherlands
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Leiden University · Leiden Observatory
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , Leiden , The Netherlands
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Affiliation as printed
Steward Observatory , University of Arizona , Tucson , AZ , USA
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University of California, Santa Barbara · University of Oxford
Affiliation as printed
University of California , Santa Barbara , CA , USA
University of Oxford , UK
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