A

2D Convolutional Neural Network for Event Reconstruction in IceCube DeepCore

International Cosmic Ray Conference, pp. 1129

Abstract

IceCube DeepCore is an extension of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory designed to measure GeV scale atmospheric neutrino interactions for the purpose of neutrino oscillation studies. Distinguishing muon neutrinos from other flavors and reconstructing inelasticity are especially difficult tasks at GeV scale energies in IceCube DeepCore due to sparse instrumentation. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been found to have better success at neutrino event reconstruction than conventional likelihood-based methods. In this contribution, we present a new CNN model that exploits time and depth translational symmetry in IceCube DeepCore data and present the model’s performance, specifically for flavor identification and inelasticity reconstruction.

Authors 99

  1. University of Wisconsin–Madison · RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany

    University of Wisconsin -Madison

    III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany

  2. University of Wisconsin–Madison · RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany

    University of Wisconsin -Madison

    III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany

  3. University of Wisconsin–Madison · RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany

    University of Wisconsin -Madison

    III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany

  4. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  5. University of Canterbury

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy , University of Canterbury , Private Bag 4800 , Christchurch , New Zealand

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand

  6. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  7. Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles , Science Faculty CP230 , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium

    Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

  8. University of Copenhagen

    Affiliation as printed

    Niels Bohr Institute , University of Copenhagen , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark

    Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen,

  9. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · The University of Texas at Arlington · TU Dortmund University · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , TU Dortmund University

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  10. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  11. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  12. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  13. Harvard University

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology , Harvard University , Cambridge , MA 02138 , USA

    Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

  14. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  15. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  16. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  17. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  18. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  19. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  20. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  21. University of California, Berkeley

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  22. The Ohio State University

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Astronomy , Ohio State University , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA

    Dept. of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics , Ohio State University , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA

    Dept. of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

  23. Ruhr University Bochum

    Affiliation as printed

    Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , D-44780 Bochum , Germany

    Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany

  24. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  25. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  26. University of Wisconsin–Madison · RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany

    University of Wisconsin -Madison

    III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany

  27. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  28. University of Maryland, College Park

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , University of Maryland , College Park , MD 20742 , USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA

  29. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  30. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  31. University of Maryland, College Park

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , University of Maryland , College Park , MD 20742 , USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA

  32. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  33. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  34. Harvard University

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology , Harvard University , Cambridge , MA 02138 , USA

    Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

  35. Chiba University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

  36. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  37. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  38. University of Wisconsin–Madison · RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany

    University of Wisconsin -Madison

    III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany

  39. University of Copenhagen

    Affiliation as printed

    Niels Bohr Institute , University of Copenhagen , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark

    Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen,

  40. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  41. Georgia Institute of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA 30332 , USA

    School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

  42. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  43. The University of Adelaide

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , 5005 , Australia

    Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia

  44. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  45. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  46. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  47. Harvard University

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology , Harvard University , Cambridge , MA 02138 , USA

    Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

  48. The University of Adelaide

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , 5005 , Australia

    Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia

  49. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  50. Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

  51. Georgia Institute of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA 30332 , USA

    School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

  52. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  53. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  54. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  55. University of Maryland, College Park

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , University of Maryland , College Park , MD 20742 , USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA

  56. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  57. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  58. Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA 02139 , USA

    Dept. of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

  59. The Ohio State University

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Astronomy , Ohio State University , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA

    Dept. of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics , Ohio State University , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA

    Dept. of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

  60. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University · Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA 02139 , USA

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  61. Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

  62. Vrije Universiteit Brussel · Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  63. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  64. Georgia Institute of Technology · Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA 30332 , USA

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  65. Vrije Universiteit Brussel · Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  66. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  67. University of Wisconsin–Madison · Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University · RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany

    University of Wisconsin -Madison

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  68. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  69. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  70. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  71. Vrije Universiteit Brussel · Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  72. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  73. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  74. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University · Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA 02139 , USA

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  75. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  76. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  77. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  78. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  79. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  80. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  81. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  82. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  83. University of Wisconsin–Madison · Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University · RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany

    University of Wisconsin -Madison

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  84. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · The University of Texas at Arlington · TU Dortmund University · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , TU Dortmund University

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  85. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  86. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  87. University of Maryland, College Park

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , University of Maryland , College Park , MD 20742 , USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA

  88. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  89. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University · University of Maryland, College Park

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , University of Maryland , College Park , MD 20742 , USA

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  90. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  91. Chiba University

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics and

    Dept. of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan

  92. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , Southern University , Baton Rouge , LA 70813 , USA

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  93. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  94. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut für Physik , Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , D-12489 Berlin , Germany

    Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany

  95. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  96. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  97. Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College · University of Alaska Anchorage · Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · Chiba University · The University of Texas at Arlington · Clark Atlanta University

    Affiliation as printed

    The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics , Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522 , Japan

    CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

    Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

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