Influence of Process Parameter and Alloy Composition on Misoriented Eutectics in Single-Crystal Nickel-Based Superalloys
Materials, vol. 16, pp. 4477
Abstract
The nucleation and the growth of misoriented micro-structure components in single crystals depend on various process parameters and alloy compositions. Therefore, in this study, the influence of different cooling rates on carbon-free, as well as carbon-containing, nickel-based superalloys was investigated. Castings were carried out using the Bridgman and Bridgman-Stockbarger techniques under industrial and laboratory conditions, respectively, to analyze the impact of temperature gradients and withdrawing rates on six alloy compositions. Here, it was confirmed that eutectics could assume a random crystallographic orientation due to homogeneous nucleation in the residual melt. In carbon-containing alloys, eutectics also nucleated at low surface-to-volume ratio carbides due to the accumulation of eutectic-forming elements around the carbide. This mechanism occurred in alloys with high carbon contents and at low cooling rates. Furthermore, micro-stray grains were formed by the closure of residual melt in Chinese-script-shaped carbides. If the carbide structure was open in the growth direction, they could expand into the interdendritic region. Eutectics additionally nucleated on these micro-stray grains and consequently had a different crystallographic orientation compared with the single crystal. In conclusion, this study revealed the process parameters that induced the formation of misoriented micro-structures, which prevented the formation of these solidification defects by optimizing the cooling rate and the alloy composition.
Authors 8
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Affiliation as printed
Foundry Institute, RWTH Aachen University, 52072 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Laboratory of Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
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Affiliation as printed
Foundry Institute, RWTH Aachen University, 52072 Aachen, Germany
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HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland
Affiliation as printed
Haute École Arc Conservation-Restauration, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Affiliation as printed
Foundry Institute, RWTH Aachen University, 52072 Aachen, Germany
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State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Manufacturing System Engineering · Xi'an Jiaotong University
Affiliation as printed
State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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Affiliation as printed
Foundry Institute, RWTH Aachen University, 52072 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Foundry Institute, RWTH Aachen University, 52072 Aachen, Germany
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