VERTICO
Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 675, pp. A78
Abstract
We analyse cold-gas distributions in Virgo cluster galaxies using resolved observations of CO(2-1), which traces molecular hydrogen (H2), and H I from the Virgo Environment Traced In CO (VERTICO) and VLA Imaging of Virgo in Atomic Gas (VIVA) surveys. From a theoretical perspective, it is expected that environmental processes in clusters will have a stronger influence on diffuse atomic gas compared to the relatively dense molecular gas component, and that these environmental perturbations can compress the cold interstellar medium in cluster galaxies, leading to elevated star formation. In this work we observationally test these predictions for star-forming satellite galaxies within the Virgo cluster. We divided our Virgo galaxy sample into H I-normal, H I-tailed, and H I-truncated classes and show, unsurprisingly, that the H I-tailed galaxies have the largest quantitative H I asymmetries. We also compared Virgo galaxies to a control sample of non-cluster galaxies and find that the former, on average, have H I asymmetries that are 40 ± 10% larger than the latter. There is less separation between control, H I-normal, H I-tailed, and H I-truncated galaxies in terms of H2 asymmetries, and on average, Virgo galaxies have H2 asymmetries that are only marginally (20 ± 10%) larger than the control sample. We find a weak correlation between H I and H2 asymmetries over our entire sample, but a stronger correlation for the galaxies that are strongly impacted by environmental perturbations. Finally, we divided the discs of the H I-tailed Virgo galaxies into a leading half and trailing half according to the observed tail direction. We find evidence for excess molecular gas mass on the leading halves of the disc. This excess molecular gas is accompanied by an excess in the star formation rate such that the depletion time is, on average, unchanged.
Authors 23
-
Leiden University · Leiden Observatory
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , PO Box 9513 , 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, PO Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
-
Leiden University · Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics · National Research Council Canada · Leiden Observatory
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , PO Box 9513 , 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, 5071 West Saanich Road, Victoria, BC 8 V9E 2E7, Canada
-
Leiden University · University of Cape Town · ASTRO-3D · Leiden Observatory
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , PO Box 9513 , 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
Department of Astronomy, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
Dimensions (ASTRO 3D), Australia
-
Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics · National Research Council Canada · McMaster University
Affiliation as printed
Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Centre , National Research Council of Canada , 5071 West Saanich Road , Victoria , BC 8 V9E 2E7 , Canada
Department of Physics & Astronomy, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
-
Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics · Yonsei University · National Research Council Canada
Affiliation as printed
Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Centre , National Research Council of Canada , 5071 West Saanich Road , Victoria , BC 8 V9E 2E7 , Canada
Department of Astronomy, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
-
Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics · National Research Council Canada · McMaster University
Affiliation as printed
Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Centre , National Research Council of Canada , 5071 West Saanich Road , Victoria , BC 8 V9E 2E7 , Canada
Department of Physics & Astronomy, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
-
Leiden University · Queen's University · Leiden Observatory
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , PO Box 9513 , 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
-
Leiden University · Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille · Leiden Observatory
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , PO Box 9513 , 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
LAM - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (Pôle de l'Étoile Site de Château-Gombert 38, rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie 13388 Marseille cedex 13 - France)
-
Leiden University · The University of Western Australia · ARC Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics · International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research · Leiden Observatory
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , PO Box 9513 , 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
-
Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics · Western University · National Research Council Canada
Affiliation as printed
Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Centre , National Research Council of Canada , 5071 West Saanich Road , Victoria , BC 8 V9E 2E7 , Canada
Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
Institute for Earth and Space Exploration, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
-
Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics · The University of Western Australia · ARC Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics · National Research Council Canada · International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research
Affiliation as printed
Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Centre , National Research Council of Canada , 5071 West Saanich Road , Victoria , BC 8 V9E 2E7 , Canada
ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
-
Leiden University · Leiden Observatory · Cardiff University
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , PO Box 9513 , 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
Cardiff Hub for Astrophysics Research & Technology, School of Physics & Astronomy, Cardiff University, Queens Buildings, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK
-
Leiden University · University of Victoria · Leiden Observatory
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , PO Box 9513 , 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
-
Leiden University · Yebes Observatory · Instituto Geográfico Nacional · Spanish National Observatory · Leiden Observatory
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , PO Box 9513 , 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
Centro de Desarrollos Tecnológicos, Observatorio de Yebes (IGN), 19141 Yebes, Guadalajara, Spain
Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (IGN), C/Alfonso XII, 3, 28014 Madrid, Spain
-
Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics · Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute · National Research Council Canada
Affiliation as printed
Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Centre , National Research Council of Canada , 5071 West Saanich Road , Victoria , BC 8 V9E 2E7 , Canada
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, 776 Daedeokdae-ro, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea
-
Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María · McMaster University
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics & Astronomy , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street W , Hamilton , ON L8S 4M1 , Canada
Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Vicuña Mackenna 3939, San Joaquín, Santiago de Chile, Chile
-
Leiden University · Leiden Observatory · Royal Military College of Canada
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , PO Box 9513 , 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
Royal Military College of Canada, PO Box 17000, Station Forces, Kingston ON K7K 7B4, Canada
-
Leiden University · The University of Western Australia · International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research · Leiden Observatory
Affiliation as printed
Leiden Observatory , Leiden University , PO Box 9513 , 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
-
Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics · University of Victoria · National Research Council Canada
Affiliation as printed
Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Centre , National Research Council of Canada , 5071 West Saanich Road , Victoria , BC 8 V9E 2E7 , Canada
Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
-
Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics · National Research Council Canada · University of Maryland, College Park
Affiliation as printed
Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Centre , National Research Council of Canada , 5071 West Saanich Road , Victoria , BC 8 V9E 2E7 , Canada
Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
-
The University of Western Australia · ARC Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics · International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research · McMaster University
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics & Astronomy , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street W , Hamilton , ON L8S 4M1 , Canada
ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
-
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics & Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
-
The University of Sydney · ARC Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics
Affiliation as printed
ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in
Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
Cited by 9 stored of 9
9 results
No patents citing this paper on Lens.org (checked 2026-10-11).