Euclidpreparation

Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 675, pp. A120

Abstract

Recent cosmic shear studies have shown that higher-order statistics (HOS) developed by independent teams now outperform standard two-point estimators in terms of statistical precision thanks to their sensitivity to the non-Gaussian features of large-scale structure. The aim of the Higher-Order Weak Lensing Statistics (HOWLS) project is to assess, compare, and combine the constraining power of ten different HOS on a common set ofEuclid-like mocks, derived fromN-body simulations. In this first paper of the HOWLS series, we computed the nontomographic (Ωm,σ8) Fisher information for the one-point probability distribution function, peak counts, Minkowski functionals, Betti numbers, persistent homology Betti numbers and heatmap, and scattering transform coefficients, and we compare them to the shear and convergence two-point correlation functions in the absence of any systematic bias. We also include forecasts for three implementations of higher-order moments, but these cannot be robustly interpreted as the Gaussian likelihood assumption breaks down for these statistics. Taken individually, we find that each HOS outperforms the two-point statistics by a factor of around two in the precision of the forecasts with some variations across statistics and cosmological parameters. When combining all the HOS, this increases to a 4.5 times improvement, highlighting the immense potential of HOS for cosmic shear cosmological analyses withEuclid. The data used in this analysis are publicly released with the paper.

Authors 99

1. Virginia Ajani

   Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · CEA Paris-Saclay · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

   Affiliation as printed

   , CNRS/IN2P3 , IUF , IP2I Lyon , France

   AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005, ex 'Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles', Service d'astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)

2. Marco Baldi

   Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

   Affiliation as printed

   CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

3. Alexandre Barthelemy
   Affiliation as printed

   Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

4. Aoife Boyle

   Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · CEA Paris-Saclay

   Affiliation as printed

   Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

   AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005, ex 'Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles', Service d'astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)

5. Pierre Burger
   Affiliation as printed

   Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

6. V. F. Cardone

   Astronomical Observatory of Rome · National Institute for Astrophysics

   Affiliation as printed

   Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

   INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Monteporzio Catone, Italy

7. Sihao Cheng

   Johns Hopkins University · Saint Mary's University

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute for Computational Astrophysics , Saint Mary's University , 923 Robie Street , Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 3C3 , Canada

   Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA

8. Sandrine Codis

   Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · Lagrange Laboratory · CEA Paris-Saclay

   Affiliation as printed

   CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

   AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005, ex 'Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles', Service d'astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)

9. C. Giocoli

   Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

   Affiliation as printed

   CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

10. Joachim Harnois-Déraps

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory · Newcastle University

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RU, UK

11. S. Heydenreich
    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

12. Vanshika Kansal

    Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · CEA Paris-Saclay

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005, ex 'Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles', Service d'astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)

13. M. Kilbinger

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · CEA Paris-Saclay · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    , CNRS/IN2P3 , IUF , IP2I Lyon , France

    AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005, ex 'Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles', Service d'astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)

14. Laila Linke
    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

15. Claudio Llinares

    University of Lisbon · Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C8, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal

    Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda 1349-018, Lisboa, Portugal

16. N. Martinet

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    LAM - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (Pôle de l'Étoile Site de Château-Gombert 38, rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie 13388 Marseille cedex 13 - France)

17. Carolina Parroni

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Astronomical Observatory of Rome · Lagrange Laboratory · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Monteporzio Catone, Italy

18. Austin Peel

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory · École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland

19. S. Pires

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · Lagrange Laboratory · CEA Paris-Saclay

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005, ex 'Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles', Service d'astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)

20. Lucas Porth

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

21. Ismael Tereno

    University of Lisbon · Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C8, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal

    Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda 1349-018, Lisboa, Portugal

22. Cora Uhlemann

    Newcastle University

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RU, UK

23. Martina Vicinanza

    Astronomical Observatory of Rome · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Monteporzio Catone, Italy

24. S Vinciguerra

    Saint Mary's University · Sapienza University of Rome

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute for Computational Astrophysics , Saint Mary's University , 923 Robie Street , Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 3C3 , Canada

    Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy

25. N. Aghanim

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    IAS - Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (Bâtiment 121 91405 ORSAY CEDEX - France)

26. N. Auricchio

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

27. D. Bonino

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese, (TO), Italy

28. E. Branchini

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma Tre · Lagrange Laboratory · University of Genoa

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy

    INFN-Sezione di Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Roma, Italy

29. M. Brescia

    University of Naples Federico II

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University Federico II, Via Cinthia 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy

30. J. Brinchmann

    Universidade do Porto · Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences · Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal

31. S. Camera

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino · Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino · University of Turin

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy

    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese, (TO), Italy

    INFN-Sezione di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy

32. V. Capobianco

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese, (TO), Italy

33. C. Carbone

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    INAF-IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy

34. J. Carretero

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institute for High Energy Physics · Lagrange Laboratory · Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology · Port d'Informació Científica

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, (Barcelona), Spain

    Port d'Informació Científica, Campus UAB, C. Albareda s/n, 08193 Bellaterra, (Barcelona), Spain

35. Francisco Javier Castander

    Institute of Space Sciences · Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Carrer Gran Capitá 2-4, 08034 Barcelona, Spain

    Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain

36. M. Castellano

    Astronomical Observatory of Rome · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Monteporzio Catone, Italy

37. S. Cavuoti

    Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Via Moiariello 16, 80131 Napoli, Italy

    INFN section of Naples, Via Cinthia 6, 80126 Napoli, Italy

38. A. Cimatti

    University of Bologna

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Augusto Righi" -Alma Mater Studiorum Universitá di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy

39. R. Clédassou

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Centre National d'Études Spatiales · Lagrange Laboratory · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    CNES - Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (18 avenue Edouard Belin 31401 Toulouse - France)

    IN2P3 - Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE 3 rue Michel-Ange 75794 PARIS CEDEX 16 - France - France)

40. G. Congedo

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Royal Observatory · Lagrange Laboratory · University of Edinburgh

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK

41. Christopher J. Conselice

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · University of Manchester · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK

42. L. Conversi

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · European Space Agency · European Space Astronomy Centre · Lagrange Laboratory · European Space Research Institute

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    ESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n., Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain

    European Space Agency/ESRIN, Largo Galileo Galilei 1, 00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy

43. L. Corcione

    Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese, (TO), Italy

44. F. Courbin

    École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland

45. Mark S. Cropper

    University College London

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK

46. A. Da Silva

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · University of Lisbon · Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C8, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal

    Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lis-boa, Portugal

47. Hubert Degaudenzi

    University of Geneva · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. d'Ecogia 16, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland

48. Anna M. Di Giorgio

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology · Lagrange Laboratory · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, 100, 00100 Roma, Italy

49. J. Dinis

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · University of Lisbon · Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C8, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal

    Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lis-boa, Portugal

50. Marian Douspis

    Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    IAS - Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (Bâtiment 121 91405 ORSAY CEDEX - France)

51. F. Dubath

    University of Geneva

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. d'Ecogia 16, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland

52. X. Dupac

    European Space Astronomy Centre

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    ESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n., Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain

53. S. Farrens

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · CEA Paris-Saclay · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    , CNRS/IN2P3 , IUF , IP2I Lyon , France

    AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005, ex 'Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles', Service d'astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)

54. S. Ferriol

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    IP2I Lyon - Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (Campus LyonTech-la Doua Bâtiment Paul DIRAC 4 Rue Enrico Fermi 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)

55. P. Fosalba

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institute of Space Sciences · Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Carrer Gran Capitá 2-4, 08034 Barcelona, Spain

    Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain

56. M. Frailis

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Trieste Astronomical Observatory · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34143 Trieste, Italy

57. Enrico Franceschi

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

58. Samuele Galeotta

    Trieste Astronomical Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34143 Trieste, Italy

59. B. Garilli

    National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    INAF-IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy

60. Bryan R. Gillis

    Royal Observatory · University of Edinburgh

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK

61. A. Grazian Aachen INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova

    Leiden University · Jet Propulsion Laboratory · Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris · Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics · Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova · Leiden Observatory · Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München · Technical University of Denmark

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Via dell'Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy 47 Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany 48 Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 München, Germany 49 Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333, CA Leiden, The Netherlands 50 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA 51 Technical University of Denmark, Elektrovej 327, 2800 Kgs. Lyn-gby, Denmark 52 Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN), Copenhagen, Denmark 53 Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis Boulevard Arago,

62. Henk Hoekstra

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

63. W. A. Holmes

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

64. Allan Hornstrup

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

65. Patrick Hudelot

    Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    IAP - Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (98bis, bd Arago - 75014 Paris France - France)

66. K. Jahnkę
    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

67. M. Jhabvala
    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

68. M. Kümmel
    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

69. T. Kitching

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory · University College London

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK

70. Martin Kunz

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

71. Hannu Kurki-Suonio

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

72. Per Barth Lilje

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

73. Ivan Lloro
    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

74. E. Maiorano
    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

75. O. Mansutti

    Trieste Astronomical Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34143 Trieste, Italy

76. O. Marggraf
    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

77. Katarina Markovic

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

78. F. Marulli

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

79. R. Massey

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

80. S. Mei

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory · Université Paris Diderot

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    APC (UMR_7164) - AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC - UMR 7164, Université Paris Diderot, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, case postale 7020, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 - France)

81. Y. Mellier

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    IAP - Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (98bis, bd Arago - 75014 Paris France - France)

82. Massimo Meneghetti
    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

83. M. Moresco
    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

84. Lauro Moscardini

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

85. S.-M Niemi

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

86. James W Nightingale

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

87. Teake A Nutma

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

88. C. Padilla Aranda

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institute for High Energy Physics · Lagrange Laboratory · Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, (Barcelona), Spain

89. S. Paltani

    University of Geneva

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. d'Ecogia 16, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland

90. K. Pedersen
    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

91. V. Pettorino

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · CEA Paris-Saclay - Etablissement de Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation · CEA Paris-Saclay · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

    Affiliation as printed

    , CNRS/IN2P3 , IUF , IP2I Lyon , France

    AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112) - Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005, ex 'Astrophysique Interactions Multi-échelles', Service d'astrophysique, CEA/Saclay, Orme des Merisiers F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE CEDEX - France)

92. Gianluca Polenta

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

93. Maurice Poncet

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Centre National d'Études Spatiales · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

    CNES - Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (18 avenue Edouard Belin 31401 Toulouse - France)

94. L. A. Popa

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

95. F. Raison

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

96. Alessandro Renzi

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

97. Jason D. Rhodes

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Lagrange Laboratory

    Affiliation as printed

    CNRS , Laboratoire Lagrange , Bd de l'Observatoire , CS 34229 , 06304 Nice cedex 4 , France

98. Giuseppe Riccio

    Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Via Moiariello 16, 80131 Napoli, Italy

99. E. Romelli

    Trieste Astronomical Observatory

    Affiliation as printed

    Astronomical Institute (AIRUB) , German Centre for Cosmological Lensing (GCCL) , 44780 Bochum , Germany

    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34143 Trieste, Italy