Pan-Arctic plankton community structure and its global connectivity
Elementa Science of the Anthropocene, vol. 11
Abstract
The Arctic Ocean (AO) is being rapidly transformed by global warming, but its biodiversity remains understudied for many planktonic organisms, in particular for unicellular eukaryotes that play pivotal roles in marine food webs and biogeochemical cycles. The aim of this study was to characterize the biogeographic ranges of species that comprise the contemporary pool of unicellular eukaryotes in the AO as a first step toward understanding mechanisms that structure these communities and identifying potential target species for monitoring. Leveraging the Tara Oceans DNA metabarcoding data, we mapped the global distributions of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) found on Arctic shelves into five biogeographic categories, identified biogeographic indicators, and inferred the degree to which AO communities of unicellular eukaryotes share members with assemblages from lower latitudes. Arctic/Polar indicator OTUs, as well as some globally ubiquitous OTUs, dominated the detection and abundance of DNA reads in the Arctic samples. OTUs detected only in Arctic samples (Arctic-exclusives) showed restricted distribution with relatively low abundances, accounting for 10–16% of the total Arctic OTU pool. OTUs with high abundances in tropical and/or temperate latitudes (non-Polar indicators) were also found in the AO but mainly at its periphery. We observed a large change in community taxonomic composition across the Atlantic-Arctic continuum, supporting the idea that advection and environmental filtering are important processes that shape plankton assemblages in the AO. Altogether, this study highlights the connectivity between the AO and other oceans, and provides a framework for monitoring and assessing future changes in this vulnerable ecosystem.
Authors 21
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas · Inserm · Universidad de Buenos Aires · Université Paris Sciences et Lettres · Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure · Instituto Franco-Argentino sobre Estudios de Clima y sus Impactos · Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
Affiliation as printed
1Institut de biologie de l’École normale supérieure (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, Paris, France
2Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
3CONICET–Universidad de Buenos Aires, Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
4CNRS–IRD–CONICET–UBA, Instituto Franco-Argentino para el Estudio del Clima y sus Impactos (IRL 3351 IFAECI), Buenos Aires, Argentina
5Instituto Universitario de Seguridad Marítima (IUSM), Prefectura Naval Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Station Biologique de Roscoff · Sorbonne Université · Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin
Affiliation as printed
6Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Station Biologique de Roscoff, AD2M, UMR 7144, Roscoff, France
7Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 3 rue Michel-Ange, Paris, France
8Current address: Sorbonne Université, CNRS, FR2424, ABiMS bioinformatic platform, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 3 rue Michel-Ange, Paris, France
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Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement · Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement · Institut de Recherche pour le Développement · Plant Health Institute de Montpellier
Affiliation as printed
10PHIM Plant Health Institute, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
9CIRAD, UMR PHIM, Montpellier, France
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Sorbonne Université · Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche · Université Laval · Stanford University
Affiliation as printed
11Takuvik Joint International Laboratory (UMI3376), Université Laval (Canada)–CNRS (France), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
12Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
13Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche, LOV, Paris, France
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Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn
Affiliation as printed
14Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
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Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn
Affiliation as printed
14Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
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Université Laval · Québec-Océan
Affiliation as printed
15Département de Biologie, Québec Océan and Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Sorbonne Université · Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche
Affiliation as printed
13Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche, LOV, Paris, France
7Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 3 rue Michel-Ange, Paris, France
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · Génomique Métabolique du Genoscope · Genoscope · Institut de biologie François Jacob
Affiliation as printed
16Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut de biologie François Jacob, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique (CEA), CNRS, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
7Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 3 rue Michel-Ange, Paris, France
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Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn
Affiliation as printed
14Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Inserm · Université Paris Sciences et Lettres · Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure
Affiliation as printed
1Institut de biologie de l’École normale supérieure (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, Paris, France
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Laboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes · Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center · The Ohio State University
Affiliation as printed
17Department of Microbiology, Center of Microbiome Science, Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
18Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, Center of Microbiome Science, Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
19Nantes University, CNRS UMR 6004, LS2N, Nantes, France
7Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 3 rue Michel-Ange, Paris, France
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Laboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes · European Molecular Biology Laboratory · European Molecular Biology Laboratory
Affiliation as printed
19Nantes University, CNRS UMR 6004, LS2N, Nantes, France
7Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 3 rue Michel-Ange, Paris, France
20Directors’ Research, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · European Molecular Biology Laboratory · European Molecular Biology Laboratory · Université Laval
Affiliation as printed
20Directors’ Research, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
7Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 3 rue Michel-Ange, Paris, France
11Takuvik Joint International Laboratory (UMI3376), Université Laval (Canada)–CNRS (France), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Laval · University of Maine
Affiliation as printed
11Takuvik Joint International Laboratory (UMI3376), Université Laval (Canada)–CNRS (France), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
21School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · Génomique Métabolique du Genoscope · Genoscope · Institut de biologie François Jacob · University of Maine
Affiliation as printed
21School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
16Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut de biologie François Jacob, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique (CEA), CNRS, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
7Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 3 rue Michel-Ange, Paris, France
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Naturalis Biodiversity Center · Inserm · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris Sciences et Lettres · Université Paris-Saclay · Génomique Métabolique du Genoscope · Genoscope · Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure · Institut de biologie François Jacob
Affiliation as printed
16Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut de biologie François Jacob, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique (CEA), CNRS, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
7Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 3 rue Michel-Ange, Paris, France
1Institut de biologie de l’École normale supérieure (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, Paris, France
22Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Naturalis Biodiversity Center · Inserm · Université Paris Sciences et Lettres · Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure
Affiliation as printed
1Institut de biologie de l’École normale supérieure (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, Paris, France
22Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
7Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 3 rue Michel-Ange, Paris, France
Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 3 rue Michel-Ange, Paris, France
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Station Biologique de Roscoff · Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin
Affiliation as printed
6Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Station Biologique de Roscoff, AD2M, UMR 7144, Roscoff, France
7Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 3 rue Michel-Ange, Paris, France
Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 3 rue Michel-Ange, Paris, France
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Inserm · Université Paris Sciences et Lettres · Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure · University of Maine
Affiliation as printed
1Institut de biologie de l’École normale supérieure (IBENS), École normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, Paris, France
7Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans GOSEE, 3 rue Michel-Ange, Paris, France
21School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
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Affiliation as printed
21School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
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