Axial Skeleton Bone Marrow Changes in Inflammatory Rheumatologic Disorders

Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology, vol. 27, pp. 091–102

Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the axial skeleton, spine, and sacroiliac (SI) joints is critical for the early detection and follow-up of inflammatory rheumatologic disorders such as axial spondyloarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and SAPHO/CRMO (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis/chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis). To offer a valuable report to the referring physician, disease-specific knowledge is essential. Certain MRI parameters can help the radiologist provide an early diagnosis and lead to effective treatment. Awareness of these hallmarks may help avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary biopsies. A bone marrow edema-like signal plays an important role in reports but is not disease specific. Age, sex, and history should be considered in interpreting MRI to prevent overdiagnosis of rheumatologic disease. Differential diagnoses-degenerative disk disease, infection, and crystal arthropathy-are addressed here. Whole-body MRI may be helpful in diagnosing SAPHO/CRMO.

Authors 1

1. M. Reijnierse corresponding Aachen Musculoskeletal Radiology Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center

   Leiden University Medical Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands