Effect of thermal osteonecrosis around implants in the rat tibia: numerical and histomorphometric results in context of implant removal

Scientific Reports, vol. 12, pp. 22227

Abstract

The purpose of this rat study was to explore the feasibility of in vivo temperature thresholds affecting bone contact at the implant surface. Based on these data, thermal necrosis should be used for implant removal in the subsequent in vivo study. Rat tibiae of 48 animals at one site were randomly treated with heat or cold before implant insertion. Temperatures of 4 °C, 3 °C, 2 °C, 48 °C, 49 °C and 50 °C for a tempering time of 1 min were evaluated. Numerical simulations of the heat source-implant-bone system were carried out. Effects were assessed by histomorphometrical measurements. The results showed that the selected method of direct tempering using a tempering pin was suitable for maintaining a uniform layer around the pin. Starting at warm temperatures of 48 °C and rising to 50 °C, the BIC ratio revealed declining values and a significant difference was observed when comparing 50 °C to the control group (p = 0.03). However, there were no significant variations within the cold temperatures. This study pinpointed temperature discovered that could lead to the thermo-explantation and so that the number of samples used in future studies on temperature-induced bone necrosis can be reduced to a minimum. Significant BIC value reduction was seen at a temperature of 50 °C for 1 min.

Authors 8

1. Kristian Kniha corresponding Aachen Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery

   RWTH Aachen University · Universitätsklinikum Aachen

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany. kkniha@ukaachen.de

   Private Clinic for Oral Surgery Dres. Kniha, Rosental 6, 80331, Munich, Germany. kkniha@ukaachen.de

   Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany

   Private Clinic for Oral Surgery Dres. Kniha, Rosental 6, 80331, Munich, Germany

2. Benita Hermanns‐Sachweh
   Affiliation as printed

   Private Institute for Implant Pathology, ZBMT, Campus Melaten, Pauwelsstaße 17, Aachen, Germany

3. Faruk Al‐Sibai Aachen Institute of Heat and Mass Transfer

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute of Heat and Mass Transfer, RWTH Aachen University, Augustinerbach 6, Aachen, Germany

4. Reinhold Kneer Aachen Institute of Heat and Mass Transfer

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute of Heat and Mass Transfer, RWTH Aachen University, Augustinerbach 6, Aachen, Germany

5. Stephan Christian Möhlhenrich

   Witten/Herdecke University

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Orthodontics, University of Witten/Herdecke, Alfred-Herrhausen Str. 45, 58455, Witten, Germany

6. Marius Heitzer Aachen Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery

   RWTH Aachen University · Universitätsklinikum Aachen

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany

7. Frank Hölzle Aachen Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery

   RWTH Aachen University · Universitätsklinikum Aachen

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany

8. Ali Modabber Aachen Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery

   RWTH Aachen University · Universitätsklinikum Aachen

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany