Introduction to hemodynamic forces by echocardiography

International Journal of Cardiology, vol. 370, pp. 442–444

Abstract

Hemodynamic force (HDF) analysis represents a novel approach to quantify intraventricular pressure gradients, responsible for blood flow. A new mathematical model allows the derivation of HDF parameters from routine transthoracic echocardiography, making this tool more accessible for clinical use. HDF analysis is considered the fluid dynamics correlate of deformation imaging and may be even more sensitive to detect mechanical abnormalities. This has the potential to add incremental clinical value, allowing earlier detection of pathology or immediate evaluation of response to treatment. In this article, the theoretical background and physiological patterns of HDF in the left ventricle are provided. In pathological situations, the HDF pattern might alter, which is illustrated with a case of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy with typical left bundle branch block.

Authors 8

1. Dorien Laenens Aachen Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre

   Leiden University · Leiden University Medical Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands

2. Pieter van der Bijl Aachen Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre

   Leiden University · Leiden University Medical Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands

3. Jan Stassen Aachen Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre

   Leiden University · Leiden University Medical Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands

4. Alessandro C. Rossi
   Affiliation as printed

   Medis Medical Imaging, Schuttersveld 9, 2316 XG Leiden, the Netherlands

5. Gianni Pedrizzetti

   University of Trieste · University of California, Irvine

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Alfonso Valerio, 6/1, 34127 Trieste, TS, Italy; Departement of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, 402 E Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA 92617, USA

   Departement of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, 402 E Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA 92617, USA

   Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Alfonso Valerio, 6/1, 34127 Trieste, TS, Italy

6. Johan H. C. Reiber Aachen Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center

   Leiden University · Leiden University Medical Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands

7. Nina Ajmone Marsan Aachen Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre

   Leiden University · Leiden University Medical Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands

8. Jeroen Joost Bax corresponding Aachen Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre

   Leiden University · University of Turku · Leiden University Medical Center · Turku University Hospital

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Heart Center, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, FI-20520 Turku, Finland. Electronic address: j.j.bax@lumc.nl

   Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands

   Heart Center, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, FI-20520 Turku, Finland