Analysis of New Biomarkers for the Study of Schizophrenia Following a Radiomics Approach on MR and PET Imaging

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), vol. 2022, pp. 234–237

Abstract

Traditionally, the diagnosis of schizophrenia was based on the psychiatrist's introspective diagnosis through clinical stratification factors and score-scales, which led to heterogeneity and discrepancy in the symptoms and results. However, there are many studies trying to improve and assist in how its diagnosis could be performed. To objectively classify schizophrenia patients it is required to determine quantitative biomarkers of the disease. In this contribution we propose a method based on feature extraction both in magnetic resonance (MR) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging. A dataset of 34 participants (17 patients and 17 control subjects) were analyzed and 5 different brain regions were studied (frontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, temporal cortex, primary auditory cortex and thalamus). Following a radiomics approach, 43 texture features were extracted using five different statistical methods. These features were used for the training of the five different predictive models (Linear SVM, Gaussian SVM, Bagged Tree, KNN and Naive Bayes). The precision results were obtained classifying schizophrenia both in MR images (89% Area Under the Curve (AUC) in the posterior cingulate cortex) and with PET images (82% AUC in the frontal cortex), being Linear SVM and Naive Bayes the classification models with the highest predictive power. Clinical Relevance- The current study establishes a methodology to classify schizophrenia disease based on quantitative biomarkers using MR and PET images. This tool could assist the psychiatrist as an additional criterion for the diagnosis evaluation.

Authors 8

1. Alejandro Carrasco-Poves

   Universitat Politècnica de València · Centro de Biomateriales e Ingeniería Tisular

   Affiliation as printed

   Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia,Valencia,Spain

   Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain

2. Silvia Ruiz‐España

   Universitat Politècnica de València · Centro de Biomateriales e Ingeniería Tisular

   Affiliation as printed

   Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia,Valencia,Spain

   Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain

3. Cláudia Régio Brambilla

   Forschungszentrum Jülich

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH,Julich,Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, Germany

4. Irene Neuner Aachen Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   RWTHAachen University,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics,Aachen,Germany

   Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTHAachen University, Aachen, Germany

5. Ravichandran Rajkumar

   Forschungszentrum Jülich

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH,Julich,Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, Germany

6. Shukti Ramkiran

   Forschungszentrum Jülich

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH,Julich,Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, Germany

7. Christoph W. Lerche

   Forschungszentrum Jülich

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH,Julich,Germany

   Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Julich, Germany

8. David Moratal

   Universitat Politècnica de València · Centro de Biomateriales e Ingeniería Tisular

   Affiliation as printed

   Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia,Valencia,Spain

   Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain