Trends of Exposure to Acrylamide as Measured by Urinary Biomarkers Levels within the HBM4EU Biomonitoring Aligned Studies (2000–2021)

Toxics, vol. 10, pp. 443

Abstract

Acrylamide, a substance potentially carcinogenic in humans, represents a very prevalent contaminant in food and is also contained in tobacco smoke. Occupational exposure to higher concentrations of acrylamide was shown to induce neurotoxicity in humans. To minimize related risks for public health, it is vital to obtain data on the actual level of exposure in differently affected segments of the population. To achieve this aim, acrylamide has been added to the list of substances of concern to be investigated in the HBM4EU project, a European initiative to obtain biomonitoring data for a number of pollutants highly relevant for public health. This report summarizes the results obtained for acrylamide, with a focus on time-trends and recent exposure levels, obtained by HBM4EU as well as by associated studies in a total of seven European countries. Mean biomarker levels were compared by sampling year and time-trends were analyzed using linear regression models and an adequate statistical test. An increasing trend of acrylamide biomarker concentrations was found in children for the years 2014-2017, while in adults an overall increase in exposure was found to be not significant for the time period of observation (2000-2021). For smokers, represented by two studies and sampling for, over a total three years, no clear tendency was observed. In conclusion, samples from European countries indicate that average acrylamide exposure still exceeds suggested benchmark levels and may be of specific concern in children. More research is required to confirm trends of declining values observed in most recent years.

Authors 30

1. Michael Poteser corresponding

   Medical University of Vienna

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria

2. Federica Laguzzi

   Karolinska Institutet

   Affiliation as printed

   Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska-Institutet, Nobels väg 13, Box 210, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden

3. Thomas Schettgen Aachen Medical Faculty Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany

4. Nina Vogel

   German Environment Agency

   Affiliation as printed

   German Environment Agency (UBA), 14193 Berlin, Germany

5. Till Weber

   German Environment Agency

   Affiliation as printed

   German Environment Agency (UBA), 14193 Berlin, Germany

6. Aline Murawski

   German Environment Agency

   Affiliation as printed

   German Environment Agency (UBA), 14193 Berlin, Germany

7. Phillipp Schmidt

   German Environment Agency

   Affiliation as printed

   German Environment Agency (UBA), 14193 Berlin, Germany

8. Maria Rüther

   German Environment Agency

   Affiliation as printed

   German Environment Agency (UBA), 14193 Berlin, Germany

9. Marike Kolossa‐Gehring

   German Environment Agency

   Affiliation as printed

   German Environment Agency (UBA), 14193 Berlin, Germany

10. Sónia Namorado

    National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal

11. An Van Nieuwenhuyse

    Laboratoire National de Santé

    Affiliation as printed

    Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), L-3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg

12. Brice M. R. Appenzeller

    Luxembourg Institute of Health

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg

13. Edda Dufþaksdóttir

    University of Iceland

    Affiliation as printed

    Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland

14. Kristín Björg Ólafsdóttir

    University of Iceland

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Iceland, 120 Reykjavik, Iceland

15. Line Småstuen Haug

    Norwegian Institute of Public Health

    Affiliation as printed

    Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Lovisenberggata 8, 0456 Oslo, Norway

16. Cathrine Thomsen

    Norwegian Institute of Public Health

    Affiliation as printed

    Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Lovisenberggata 8, 0456 Oslo, Norway

17. Fabio Barbone

    University of Udine

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Medical Area, DAME, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy

18. Valentina Rosolen

    IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy

    Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy

19. Loïc Rambaud

    Santé Publique France

    Affiliation as printed

    Santé Publique France, French Public Health Agency (ANSP), 94415 Saint-Maurice, France

20. Margaux Riou

    Santé Publique France

    Affiliation as printed

    Santé Publique France, French Public Health Agency (ANSP), 94415 Saint-Maurice, France

21. Thomas Göen

    Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 9-11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany

22. Stefanie Nübler

    Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 9-11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany

23. Moritz Schäfer

    Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 9-11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany

24. Karin Haji-Abbas-Zarrabi

    Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 9-11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany

25. Liese Gilles

    Flemish Institute for Technological Research

    Affiliation as printed

    VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), 2400 Mol, Belgium

26. Laura Rodríguez Martín

    Flemish Institute for Technological Research

    Affiliation as printed

    VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), 2400 Mol, Belgium

27. Greet E. R. Schoeters

    Flemish Institute for Technological Research

    Affiliation as printed

    VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), 2400 Mol, Belgium

28. Ovnair Sepai

    UK Health Security Agency

    Affiliation as printed

    UK Health Security Agency, London SE1 8UG, UK

29. Eva Govarts

    Flemish Institute for Technological Research

    Affiliation as printed

    VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), 2400 Mol, Belgium

30. Hanns Michael Moshammer

    Medical University of Vienna

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria

    Department of Hygiene, Medical University of Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan, Nukus 230100, Uzbekistan