Mechanical Loading on Cementoblasts: A Mini Review
Osteologie/Osteology, vol. 31, pp. 111–118
Abstract
Abstract Orthodontic treatments are concomitant with mechanical forces and thereby cause teeth movements. The applied forces are transmitted to the tooth root and the periodontal ligaments which is compressed on one side and tensed up on the other side. Indeed, strong forces can lead to tooth root resorption and the crown-to-tooth ratio is reduced with the potential for significant clinical impact. The cementum, which covers the tooth root, is a thin mineralized tissue of the periodontium that connects the periodontal ligament with the tooth and is build up by cementoblasts. The impact of tension and compression on these cells is investigated in several in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrating differences in protein expression and signaling pathways. In summary, osteogenic marker changes indicate that cyclic tensile forces support whereas static tension inhibits cementogenesis. Furthermore, cementogenesis experiences the same protein expression changes in static conditions as static tension, but cyclic compression leads to the exact opposite of cyclic tension. Consistent with marker expression changes, the singaling pathways of Wnt/ß-catenin and RANKL/OPG show that tissue compression leads to cementum degradation and tension forces to cementogenesis. However, the cementum, and in particular its cementoblasts, remain a research area which should be explored in more detail to understand the underlying mechanism of bone resorption and remodeling after orthodontic treatments.
Authors 8
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Chloé Radermacher corresponding Aachen Institut für Pathologie Klinik für Kieferorthopädie Labor für Biomaterialien, Fachhochschule Aachen
Universitätsklinikum Aachen · RWTH Aachen University · FH Aachen
Affiliation as printed
Institut für Pathologie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
Klinik für Kieferorthopädie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
Labor für Biomaterialien, Fachhochschule Aachen, Aachen, Germany
Institut für Pathologie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
Klinik für Kieferorthopädie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
Labor für Biomaterialien, Fachhochschule Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Helmholtz Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
Institut für Pathologie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
Helmholtz Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
Institut für Pathologie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Klinik für Kieferorthopädie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Institut für Pathologie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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RWTH Aachen University · FH Aachen
Affiliation as printed
Labor für Biomaterialien, Fachhochschule Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Universitätsklinikum Aachen · RWTH Aachen University
Affiliation as printed
Institut für Anatomie und Zellbiologie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Klinik für Kieferorthopädie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Helmholtz Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
Institut für Pathologie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
Helmholtz Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
Institut für Pathologie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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