Summary: international consensus statement on nomenclature and classification of the congenital bicuspid aortic valve and its aortopathy, for clinical, surgical, interventional and research purposes
European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, vol. 60, pp. 481–496
Abstract
This International evidence-based nomenclature and classification consensus on the congenital bicuspid aortic valve and its aortopathy recognizes 3 types of bicuspid aortic valve: 1. Fused type, with 3 phenotypes: right-left cusp fusion, right-non cusp fusion and left-non cusp fusion; 2. 2-sinus type with 2 phenotypes: Latero-lateral and antero-posterior; and 3. Partial-fusion or forme fruste. This consensus recognizes 3 bicuspid-aortopathy types: 1. Ascending phenotype; root phenotype; and 3. extended phenotypes.
Authors 51
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Héctor I. Michelena corresponding
Affiliation as printed
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"
Affiliation as printed
Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca
Affiliation as printed
Department of Cardiology, Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) Ciber-CV, Barcelona, Spain
Department of Cardiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) Ciber-CV, Barcelona, Spain
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Division of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Division of Cardiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga · Universidad de Málaga
Affiliation as printed
?>Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Ciber-CV, Málaga, Spain
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MedStar Health Research Institute
Affiliation as printed
MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
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Children's Hospital Colorado · University of Colorado Anschutz
Affiliation as printed
Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Colorado, USA
Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Colorado, USA
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Affiliation as printed
?>Cardiovascular Division, American British Cowdray Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico
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Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc · UCLouvain
Affiliation as printed
?>Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Stanford Medicine · Stanford University
Affiliation as printed
?>Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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University of Calgary · Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta
Affiliation as printed
?>Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Leiden University Medical Center
Affiliation as printed
Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Affiliation as printed
Cardiothoracic Imaging Division, Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Institute Mutualiste Montsouris
Affiliation as printed
Department of Cardiac Surgery, Institute Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
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The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
Affiliation as printed
?>Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Affiliation as printed
?>Department of Biomedical Imaging Science, Leeds Institute to Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy · Institutul de Urgenţă pentru Boli Cardiovasculare "Prof.Dr. C.C. Iliescu"
Affiliation as printed
?>Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”—Euroecolab, Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases “Prof. Dr. C. C. Iliescu”, Bucharest, Romania
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University of California, San Francisco
Affiliation as printed
Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Instituto de Salud Carlos III · Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares · Hospital Clínic de Barcelona · Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer · CERCA Institution · Universitat de Barcelona
Affiliation as printed
?>Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBAPS; CIBERCV, ISCIII (CB16/11/00354); CERCA Programme
CERCA Programme
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec · Université Laval
Affiliation as printed
?>Department of Cardiology, Québec Heart & Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec, Canada
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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University of Liège · Maria Cecilia Hospital · Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège
Affiliation as printed
?>Department of Cardiology, University of Liège Hospital, GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège,Belgium
?>Gruppo Villa Maria Care and Research, Maria Cecilia Hospital, Cotignola, Italy
Anthea Hospital, Bari, Italy
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Affiliation as printed
University Clinic of Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
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Yale New Haven Hospital · Yale University
Affiliation as printed
Yale University School of Medicine & Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
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University of British Columbia · St. Paul's Hospital
Affiliation as printed
St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
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?>Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Yale New Haven Hospital · Yale University
Affiliation as printed
Yale University School of Medicine & Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
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University of British Columbia · St. Paul's Hospital
Affiliation as printed
St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Boston Children's Hospital · Harvard University
Affiliation as printed
Cardiac Registry, Departments of Cardiology, Pathology and Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Cardiac Registry, Departments of Cardiology, Pathology and Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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University of Pennsylvania Health System · University of Pennsylvania
Affiliation as printed
Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center and Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Baylor University Medical Center · Texas A&M University
Affiliation as printed
Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
Texas A & M School of Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA
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Asan Medical Center · University of Ulsan
Affiliation as printed
University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Radiology, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Department of Radiology, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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University of Maryland, Baltimore
Affiliation as printed
Department of Radiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, ON, Canada
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Affiliation as printed
Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Washington University in St. Louis
Affiliation as printed
Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Massachusetts General Hospital
Affiliation as printed
Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc · UCLouvain
Affiliation as printed
?>Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Cardiac Surgery, European Hospital and Unicamillus University, Rome, Italy
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Leiden University Medical Center
Affiliation as printed
Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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Affiliation as printed
Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes · Saarland University
Affiliation as printed
Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Saar, Germany
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