Consistent Interpretation of Electrical and Optical Transients in Halide Perovskite Layers and Solar Cells

Advanced Energy Materials, vol. 11

Abstract

Abstract Transient photoluminescence (TPL) and transient photovoltage (TPV) measurements are important and frequently applied methods to study recombination dynamics and charge‐carrier lifetimes in the field of halide‐perovskite photovoltaics. However, large‐signal TPL and small‐signal TPV decay times often correlate poorly and differ by orders of magnitude. In order to generate a quantitative understanding of the differences and similarities between the two methods, the impact of sample type (film vs device), large‐ versus small‐signal analysis, and differences in detection mode (voltage vs. luminescence) are explained using analytical and numerical models compared with experimental data. The main solution to achieving a consistent framework that describes both methods is the calculation of a voltage or carrier density dependent decay time that can be interpreted in terms of a capacitive region, a region dominated by defect‐assisted recombination and a region that is dominated by higher order recombination (radiative and Auger). It is experimentally shown that in the efficient methylammonium lead‐iodide solar cells, effective monomolecular lifetimes ≈2 µs can be consistently measured with TPL and TPV. Furthermore, the shape of the decay time versus voltage or carrier density follows predictions derived from implicit and explicit solutions to differential equations.

Authors 5

1. Lisa Krückemeier corresponding Aachen Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology

   Forschungszentrum Jülich · RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology RWTH Aachen University Mies‐van‐der‐Rohe‐Straße 15 52074 Aachen Germany

   IEK5‐Photovoltaik Forschungszentrum Jülich 52425 Jülich Germany

2. Zhi‐Fa Liu

   Forschungszentrum Jülich

   Affiliation as printed

   IEK5‐Photovoltaik Forschungszentrum Jülich 52425 Jülich Germany

3. Benedikt Krogmeier

   Forschungszentrum Jülich

   Affiliation as printed

   IEK5‐Photovoltaik Forschungszentrum Jülich 52425 Jülich Germany

4. Uwe Rau corresponding Aachen Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology

   Forschungszentrum Jülich · RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology RWTH Aachen University Mies‐van‐der‐Rohe‐Straße 15 52074 Aachen Germany

   IEK5‐Photovoltaik Forschungszentrum Jülich 52425 Jülich Germany

5. Thomas Kirchartz corresponding

   Forschungszentrum Jülich · University of Duisburg-Essen

   Affiliation as printed

   Faculty of Engineering and CENIDE University of Duisburg‐Essen Carl‐Benz‐Str. 199 47057 Duisburg Germany

   IEK5‐Photovoltaik Forschungszentrum Jülich 52425 Jülich Germany

   Faculty of Engineering and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Str. 199, 47057 Duisburg, Germany