Selenium nanoparticles are required for the optimum growth behavior, antioxidative capacity, and liver wellbeing of Striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus)

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, vol. 28, pp. 7241–7247

Abstract

Selenium (Se) is a multifunctional trace element required in specific amounts for the optimal growth of aquatic finfish species. For this reason, this study investigated the effect of Se nanoparticles on the growth behavior, antioxidative capacity, and liver wellbeing of Striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). Striped catfish fed varying Se nanoparticles levels (0. 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg) in triplicate units and kept for 60 days. Striped catfish delivered dietary Se nanoparticles had markedly increased growth performance, specific growth rate (SGR), consumed feed, and protein efficiency ratio but reduced feed conversion ratio (FCR). The whole body, liver, muscle, and gills have higher Se accumulation levels in fish that received Se nanoparticles than the control with the highest level in fish fed 2 mg/kg. The carcass composition showed higher protein content in fish fed 1 and 2 mg/kg (p = 0.001 and 0.001) and higher ash content (p = 0.001 and 0.002) in fish fed 2 mg/kg than the remaining groups. Superoxide dismutase was meaningfully activated in Striped catfish delivered 1 and 2 mg Se nanoparticles/kg compared with the control (p < 0.05). Also, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were higher, and malondialdehyde level was lower in Striped catfish fed Se nanoparticles at 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg than the control (p < 0.05). The villi exhibited a visible increase in both height and branching with an increased level of Se nanoparticles in addition to the increased number of goblet cells. The Se nanoparticles-treated fish revealed dose-dependent modifications fluctuated from diffuse fatty vacuolization in hepatocytes with eccentric pyknotic hepatocytes nuclei. In conclusion, Se nanoparticles are required for the optimum growth behavior, antioxidative capacity, and liver wellbeing of Striped catfish. Based on SGR and FCR data's regression analysis, Se nanoparticles are recommended at 1.02–1.11 mg/kg diet.

Authors 8

1. Mohamed E. El‐Sharawy

   Kafrelsheikh University

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt

2. Ali A. Soliman
   Affiliation as printed

   Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Sharkia, Sakha Aquaculture Research Unit, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt

3. Asem A. Amer

   National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries

   Affiliation as printed

   Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt

4. Ahmed M. El-Zayat

   Al-Azhar University

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt

5. Hani Sewilam Aachen Department of Engineering Hydrology

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Engineering Hydrology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

6. Elsayed M. Younis

   King Saud University

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

7. Abdel‐Wahab A. Abdel‐Warith

   King Saud University

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

8. Mahmoud A.O. Dawood corresponding

   Kafrelsheikh University · American University in Cairo

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt

   The Center for Applied Research on the Environment and Sustainability, The American University in Cairo, 11835Cairo, Egypt