Performance of the D-Egg optical sensor for the IceCube-Upgrade
International Cosmic Ray Conference, pp. 1042
Abstract
New optical sensors called the "D-Egg" have been developed for cost-effective instrumentation for the IceCube Upgrade. With two 8-inch high QE photomultipliers, they offer increased effective photocathode area while retaining as much of the successful IceCube Digital Optical Module (DOM) design as possible. Mass production of D-Eggs has started in 2020. By the end of 2021, there will be 310 D-Eggs produced with 288 deployed in the IceCube Upgrade. The D-Egg readout system uses advanced technologies in electronics and computing power. Each of the two PMT signals is digitized using ultra-low-power 14-bit ADCs with a sampling frequency of 250-MSPS, enabling seamless and lossless event recording from single-photon signals to signals exceeding 200pe within 10ns, as well as flexible event triggering. In this paper, we report the single photon detection performance as well as the multiple photon recording capability of D-Eggs from the mass production line which have been evaluated with the built-in DAQ system.
Authors 98
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Chiba University · RWTH Aachen University
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research , Chiba University , Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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Chiba University · RWTH Aachen University
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research , Chiba University , Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Chiba University · RWTH Aachen University
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research , Chiba University , Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Chiba University · RWTH Aachen University
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research , Chiba University , Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Chiba University · RWTH Aachen University
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research , Chiba University , Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Chiba University · RWTH Aachen University
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research , Chiba University , Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Pennsylvania State University · The University of Adelaide
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , 5005 , Australia
Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Pennsylvania State University , University Park , USA
Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
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University of Wisconsin–Madison · University of Alaska Anchorage
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Astronomy , University of Alaska Anchorage , 3211 Providence Dr. , Anchorage , AK 99508 , USA
Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center , University of Wiscon- sin -Madison , USA
Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wiscon-sin-Madison, USA
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Pennsylvania State University · The University of Adelaide
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , 5005 , Australia
Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Pennsylvania State University , University Park , USA
Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Université Libre de Bruxelles , Science Faculty CP230 , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium
Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology , Harvard University , Cambridge , MA 02138 , USA
Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Université Libre de Bruxelles , Science Faculty CP230 , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium
Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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University of California, Berkeley
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA
Dept. of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , D-44780 Bochum , Germany
Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · University of California, Berkeley
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA
Dept. of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Chiba University · RWTH Aachen University
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research , Chiba University , Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Chiba University · RWTH Aachen University
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research , Chiba University , Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Pennsylvania State University · The University of Adelaide
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , 5005 , Australia
Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Pennsylvania State University , University Park , USA
Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Pennsylvania State University · The University of Adelaide
Affiliation as printed
Department of Physics , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , 5005 , Australia
Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Pennsylvania State University , University Park , USA
Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
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Georgia Institute of Technology
Affiliation as printed
School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA 30332 , USA
School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Chiba University · RWTH Aachen University
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research , Chiba University , Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Georgia Institute of Technology
Affiliation as printed
School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA 30332 , USA
School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Affiliation as printed
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Affiliation as printed
Institut für Physik , Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , D-12489 Berlin , Germany
Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Chiba University · RWTH Aachen University
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research , Chiba University , Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
-
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
-
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
-
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
-
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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Chiba University · RWTH Aachen University
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research , Chiba University , Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
-
Affiliation as printed
Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Japan
D-Egg Performance
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