Design of an Efficient, High-Throughput Photomultiplier Tube Testing Facility for the IceCube Upgrade

Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021), pp. 1056

Abstract

The IceCube Upgrade is an extension of the IceCube detector at the geographic South Pole. It consists of seven new strings with novel instrumentation. More than 430 multi-PMT optical modules called "mDOMs", housing 24 3-inch PMTs each, will be produced for the Upgrade. This will require testing and pre-calibration on a short timescale of more than 10,000 PMTs prior to assembly and deployment. We present the design of a PMT testing facility that enables simultaneous testing of roughly 100 PMTs per day at temperatures down to -20°C. The design is implemented at RWTH Aachen University and TU Dortmund University in parallel to achieve a throughput of up to 1,000 PMTs per week. This will enable a steady supply of tested PMTs to the production sites, which is critical for the Upgrade, as well as the future IceCube-Gen2 project.

Authors 98

1. L. Halve Aachen III. Physikalisches Institut

   RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany

   RWTH Aachen University

   III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany

2. Lasse Halve corresponding Aachen III. Physikalisches Institut

   RWTH Aachen University · Loyola University Chicago

   Affiliation as printed

   III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany

   RWTH Aachen University

   Department of Physics, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60660, USA

3. Rasha Abbasi
4. Markus Ackermann

   University of Canterbury

   Affiliation as printed

   Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand

5. Jenni Adams

   Université Libre de Bruxelles

   Affiliation as printed

   Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

6. Juanan Aguilar

   University of Copenhagen · Université Libre de Bruxelles

   Affiliation as printed

   Université Libre de Bruxelles , Science Faculty CP230 , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium

   Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

7. Maryon Ahrens
8. Maryon Ahrens

   University of Geneva

   Affiliation as printed

   Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland

9. Cyril Martin Alispach
10. Antonio Augusto Alves Junior
11. Najia Moureen Binte Amin
12. K. Andeen

    Harvard University

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology , Harvard University , Cambridge , MA 02138 , USA

13. Karen Andeen
14. Tyler Anderson
15. G. Anton

    Harvard University

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

16. Carlos A. Argüelles

    Harvard University

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology , Harvard University , Cambridge , MA 02138 , USA

17. Yosuke Ashida

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

18. Spencer Axani

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA 02139 , USA

19. X. Bai
20. Aswathi Balagopal V

    University of Geneva

    Affiliation as printed

    Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland

21. Anastasia Maria Barbano
22. S. W. Barwick
23. Benjamin Bastian
24. Vedant Basu

    Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

25. Sebastian Baur

    University of California, Berkeley · Université Libre de Bruxelles

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Libre de Bruxelles , Science Faculty CP230 , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium

    Dept. of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

26. R. C. Bay

    University of California, Berkeley · The Ohio State University

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA

    Dept. of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

    Dept. of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

27. J. J. Beatty
28. Julia Becker Tjus

    Ruhr University Bochum

    Affiliation as printed

    Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany

29. Chiara Bellenghi
30. S. BenZvi

    University of Maryland, College Park

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA

31. David Berley
32. E. Bernardini
33. D. Z. Besson

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · University of California, Berkeley

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

34. Gary Binder

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · University of California, Berkeley

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA

35. D. Bindig

    University of Maryland, College Park

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA

36. E. Blaufuss
37. Summer Blot Aachen III. Physikalisches Institut

    RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany

    RWTH Aachen University

38. Matthias Boddenberg Aachen III. Physikalisches Institut

    RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany

    RWTH Aachen University

39. Federico Bontempo Aachen III. Physikalisches Institut

    RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany

    RWTH Aachen University

40. Jürgen Borowka Aachen III. Physikalisches Institut

    RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany

    RWTH Aachen University

41. S. Böser
42. Olga Botner
43. Jakob Boettcher

    University of Copenhagen

    Affiliation as printed

    Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

44. Etienne Bourbeau
45. Federica Bradascio
46. J. Braun

    University of Geneva

    Affiliation as printed

    Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland

47. Stephanie Bron
48. Jannes Brostean-Kaiser
49. Sally-Ann Browne
50. A. Burgman

    The University of Adelaide · TU Dortmund University

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia

    TU Dortmund University

51. Ryan T. Burley

    The University of Adelaide · TU Dortmund University

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , 5005 , Australia

    TU Dortmund University

52. Raffaela Busse
53. Michael Campana

    The University of Adelaide · TU Dortmund University

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia

    TU Dortmund University

54. Erin Carnie-Bronca

    The University of Adelaide · Georgia Institute of Technology · TU Dortmund University

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Physics , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , 5005 , Australia

    TU Dortmund University

    School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

55. Chujie Chen

    Georgia Institute of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA 30332 , USA

56. D. Chirkin
57. Koun Choi

    Michigan State University

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA

58. Kenneth Clark
59. Lew Classen
60. Alan Coleman

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

61. Gabriel Collin

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA 02139 , USA

    Dept. of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

62. JM Conrad

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology · Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA 02139 , USA

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

63. Paul Coppin

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

64. Pablo Correa

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium

65. D. F. Cowen
66. Robert M. Cross Aachen III. Physikalisches Institut

    RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany

    RWTH Aachen University

67. Christian Dappen Aachen III. Physikalisches Institut

    RWTH Aachen University · Georgia Institute of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany

    RWTH Aachen University

    School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

68. Pranav Dave

    Georgia Institute of Technology · Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA 30332 , USA

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

69. Catherine DE CLERCQ

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium

70. James DeLaunay
71. Hans Dembinski
72. Kunal Deoskar
73. Sam De Ridder
74. Abhishek Desai
75. P. Desiati

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

76. Krijn de Vries

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

77. G. de Wasseige

    Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin · Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    Affiliation as printed

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM , B-1050 Brussels , Belgium

    Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany

78. Meike De With

    Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin · Michigan State University

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut für Physik , Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , D-12489 Berlin , Germany

    Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA

79. Tyce DeYoung Aachen III. Physikalisches Institut

    RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany

80. Sukeerthi Dharani Aachen III. Physikalisches Institut

    RWTH Aachen University · Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany

    RWTH Aachen University

    Dept. of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

81. Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA 02139 , USA

82. Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez
83. Markus Dittmer
84. Hrvoje Dujmović
85. M. Dunkman
86. Michael DuVernois
87. Emily Dvorak
88. Thomas Ehrhardt

    Technical University of Munich

    Affiliation as printed

    Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany

89. Philipp Eller
90. Ralph Engel Aachen III. Physikalisches Institut

    RWTH Aachen University

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany

    RWTH Aachen University

91. Hannah Erpenbeck Aachen III. Physikalisches Institut

    RWTH Aachen University · University of Maryland, College Park

    Affiliation as printed

    III. Physikalisches Institut , RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen , Germany

    RWTH Aachen University

    Dept. of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA

92. John Evans
93. P.A. Evenson

    Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA

94. Ali R. Fazely

    Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , Southern University , Baton Rouge , LA 70813 , USA

95. Sebastian Fiedlschuster
96. Aaron T. Fienberg

    University of California, Berkeley

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

97. Kirill Filimonov

    University of California, Berkeley

    Affiliation as printed

    Dept. of Physics , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA

98. Chad Finley