Euclid Preparation. XIV. The Complete Calibration of the Color–Redshift Relation (C3R2) Survey: Data Release 3

The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, vol. 256, pp. 9

Abstract

Abstract The Complete Calibration of the Color–Redshift Relation (C3R2) survey is obtaining spectroscopic redshifts in order to map the relation between galaxy color and redshift to a depth of i ∼ 24.5 (AB). The primary goal is to enable sufficiently accurate photometric redshifts for Stage iv dark energy projects, particularly Euclid and the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (Roman), which are designed to constrain cosmological parameters through weak lensing. We present 676 new high-confidence spectroscopic redshifts obtained by the C3R2 survey in the 2017B–2019B semesters using the DEIMOS, LRIS, and MOSFIRE multiobject spectrographs on the Keck telescopes. Combined with the 4454 redshifts previously published by this project, the C3R2 survey has now obtained and published 5130 high-quality galaxy spectra and redshifts. If we restrict consideration to only the 0.2 < z p < 2.6 range of interest for the Euclid cosmological goals, then with the current data release, C3R2 has increased the spectroscopic redshift coverage of the Euclid color space from 51% (as reported by Masters et al.) to the current 91%. Once completed and combined with extensive data collected by other spectroscopic surveys, C3R2 should provide the spectroscopic calibration set needed to enable photometric redshifts to meet the cosmology requirements for Euclid, and make significant headway toward solving the problem for Roman.

Authors 99

1. Spencer A Stanford corresponding

   University of California, Davis

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; stanford@physics.ucdavis.edu

   University of California, Davis, Davis, United States

2. Daniel C. Masters

   California Institute of Technology · Infrared Processing and Analysis Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

   California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States

3. Behnam Darvish

   California Institute of Technology

   Affiliation as printed

   California institute of Technology, 1200 E California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

   California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States

4. Daniel K. Stern

   Jet Propulsion Laboratory

   Affiliation as printed

   Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA, 91109, USA

5. Judith G. Cohen

   California Institute of Technology · Helsinki Institute of Physics

   Affiliation as printed

   California institute of Technology, 1200 E California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

   Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki, Finland

6. P. Capak

   California Institute of Technology · Helsinki Institute of Physics

   Affiliation as printed

   California institute of Technology, 1200 E California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

   Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki, Finland

7. Nina Hernitschek

   California Institute of Technology · Helsinki Institute of Physics

   Affiliation as printed

   California institute of Technology, 1200 E California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

   Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki, Finland

8. I. Davidzon

   University of Copenhagen · Helsinki Institute of Physics

   Affiliation as printed

   Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Vibenshuset, Lyngbyvej 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

   Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki, Finland

9. Jason D. Rhodes

   Jet Propulsion Laboratory · University of Jyväskylä

   Affiliation as printed

   Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA, 91109, USA

   University of Jyväskylä, Jyvaskyla, Finland

10. David B. Sanders

    University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa · University of Hawaii System

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA

11. Bahram Mobasher

    University of California, Riverside

    Affiliation as printed

    Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA

12. Francisco Javier Castander

    Institute of Space Sciences · Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya

    Affiliation as printed

    Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Carrer Gran Capitá 2-4, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain

    Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain

13. S. Paltani

    University of Geneva

    Affiliation as printed

    Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. dÉcogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland

14. N. Aghanim

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Paris-Saclay · Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale

    Affiliation as printed

    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d’astrophysique spatiale, F-91405, Orsay, France

15. Adam Amara

    University of Portsmouth

    Affiliation as printed

    Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK

16. N. Auricchio

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

    Affiliation as printed

    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

17. A. Balestra

    Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova

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    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Via dell’Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padova, Italy

18. Ralf Bender

    Max Planck Society · Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics · Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

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    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany

    Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 München, Germany

    Max Planck Society, Munich, Germany

19. Christof T. Bodendorf

    Max Planck Society · Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics

    Affiliation as printed

    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany

    Max Planck Society, Munich, Germany

20. D. Bonino

    Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

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    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese (TO), Italy

21. E. Branchini

    Roma Tre University · Astronomical Observatory of Rome · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma Tre · National Institute for Astrophysics

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    Department of Mathematics and Physics, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Rome, Italy

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22. J. Brinchmann

    Universidade do Porto · Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences · Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto

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    Centro de Astrofísica da Universidade do Porto, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal

    Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, PT4150-762 Porto, Portugal

23. V. Capobianco

    Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

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24. C. Carbone

    National Institute for Astrophysics

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25. J. Carretero

    Institute for High Energy Physics · Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology

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    Institute of Space Sciences · Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya

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27. M. Castellano

    Astronomical Observatory of Rome · National Institute for Astrophysics

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    Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli · University of Naples Federico II · National Institute for Astrophysics

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    University of Bologna

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30. R. Clédassou

    Centre National d'Études Spatiales · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules

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31. Christopher J. Conselice

    University of Manchester

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    Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK

32. L. Corcione

    Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

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33. A. Costille

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université

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    Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France

34. Mark S. Cropper

    University College London

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    Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK

35. Hubert Degaudenzi

    University of Geneva

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36. Marian Douspis

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Université Paris-Saclay · Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale

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    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d’astrophysique spatiale, F-91405, Orsay, France

37. F. Dubath

    University of Geneva

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    Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. dÉcogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland

38. S. Dusini

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova

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    INFN-Padova, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy

39. P. Fosalba

    Institute of Space Sciences · Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya

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    Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Carrer Gran Capitá 2-4, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain

    Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain

40. M. Frailis

    Trieste Astronomical Observatory

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    INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G.B. Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy

41. Enrico Franceschi

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

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    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

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    National Institute for Astrophysics

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    National Institute for Astrophysics

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    National Institute for Astrophysics

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45. C. Giocoli

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

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46. Frank U. Grupp

    Max Planck Society · Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics · Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

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    Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany

    Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 München, Germany

    Max Planck Society, Munich, Germany

47. S. V. H. Haugan

    University of Oslo

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    Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1029 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway

48. Henk Hoekstra Aachen Leiden Observatory

    Leiden University · Leiden Observatory

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    Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands

49. W. A. Holmes

    Jet Propulsion Laboratory

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    Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA, 91109, USA

50. F. Hormuth

    Max Planck Institute for Astronomy · von Hoerner & Sulger (Germany)

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    Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

    von Hoerner & Sulger GmbH, SchloßPlatz 8, D-68723 Schwetzingen, Germany

51. Patrick Hudelot

    Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris

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    Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis Boulevard Arago, F-75014, Paris, France

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    Max Planck Institute for Astronomy

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    Jet Propulsion Laboratory

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54. M. Kilbinger

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation

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    AIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France

55. T. Kitching

    University College London

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    Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK

56. Bogna Kubik

    Lyon 1 Université · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

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    Univ Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France

57. M Kümmel

    Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

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    Universitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 München, Germany

58. Martin Kunz

    University of Geneva

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    Université de Genève, Département de Physique Théorique and Centre for Astroparticle Physics, 24 quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland

59. Hannu Kurki-Suonio

    University of Helsinki · Helsinki Institute of Physics

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    Department of Physics and Helsinki Institute of Physics, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland

    Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki, Finland

60. R. Laureijs

    European Space Agency · European Space Research and Technology Centre

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    European Space Agency/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands

61. S. Ligori

    Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino

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    INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese (TO), Italy

62. Per Barth Lilje

    University of Oslo

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    Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1029 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway

63. Ivan Lloro

    Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy

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    NOVA optical infrared instrumentation group at ASTRON, Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991PD, Dwingeloo, The Netherlands

64. E. Maiorano

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

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    INAF-Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

65. O. Marggraf

    University of Bonn

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    Argelander-Institut für Astronomie, Universität Bonn, Auf dem Hügel 71, D-53121 Bonn, Germany

66. Katarina Markovic

    Jet Propulsion Laboratory

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    Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA, 91109, USA

67. R. Massey

    Durham University

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    Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK

68. Massimo Meneghetti

    California Institute of Technology · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

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    California institute of Technology, 1200 E California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

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69. George L. Meylan

    École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

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    Observatoire de Sauverny, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland

70. Lauro Moscardini

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics · University of Bologna

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71. S.-M Niemi

    European Space Agency · European Space Research and Technology Centre

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    European Space Agency/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands

72. C. Padilla Aranda

    Institute for High Energy Physics · Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology

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    Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain

73. FABIO PASIAN

    Trieste Astronomical Observatory

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74. K. Pedersen

    Aarhus University

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75. V. Pettorino

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives · Université Paris-Saclay · Astrophysique, Instrumentation et Modélisation

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76. S. Pires

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77. Maurice Poncet

    Centre National d'Études Spatiales

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78. Lucia Aurelia Popa

    Institute of Space Science - INFLPR Subsidiary

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    Institute of Space Science, Bucharest, Ro-077125, Romania

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    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

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80. F. Raison

    Max Planck Society · Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics

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81. Mauro Roncarelli

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82. E. Rossetti

    University of Bologna

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83. Roberto P. Saglia

    Max Planck Society · Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics · Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

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    Astronomical Observatory of Rome · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma I · National Institute for Astrophysics

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85. Aurelia Secroun

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université · Centre de physique des particules de Marseille · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules

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86. Gregor Seidel

    Max Planck Institute for Astronomy

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87. Santiago Serrano

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88. C. Sirignano

    University of Padua · Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova

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89. Gabriele Sirri

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna

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    INFN-Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy

90. A. N. Taylor

    Royal Observatory · University of Edinburgh

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    Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK

91. Harry I. Teplitz

    California Institute of Technology · Infrared Processing and Analysis Center

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    Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

92. Ismael Tereno

    University of Lisbon · Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences

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    Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C8, Campo Grande, PT-1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal

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93. R. Toledo-Moreo

    Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena

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94. Edwin A. Valentijn

    University of Groningen

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95. Luca Valenziano

    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna · Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

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96. G. Verdoes Kleijn

    University of Groningen

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97. Yun Wang

    California Institute of Technology · Infrared Processing and Analysis Center

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98. G. Zamorani

    Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio · National Institute for Astrophysics

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99. Julien Zoubian

    Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Aix-Marseille Université · Centre de physique des particules de Marseille · Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules

    Affiliation as printed

    Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France