Material-structure-performance integrated laser-metal additive manufacturing

Science, vol. 372

Abstract

Laser-metal additive manufacturing capabilities have advanced from single-material printing to multimaterial/multifunctional design and manufacturing. Material-structure-performance integrated additive manufacturing (MSPI-AM) represents a path toward the integral manufacturing of end-use components with innovative structures and multimaterial layouts to meet the increasing demand from industries such as aviation, aerospace, automobile manufacturing, and energy production. We highlight two methodological ideas for MSPI-AM-"the right materials printed in the right positions" and "unique structures printed for unique functions"-to realize major improvements in performance and function. We establish how cross-scale mechanisms to coordinate nano/microscale material development, mesoscale process monitoring, and macroscale structure and performance control can be used proactively to achieve high performance with multifunctionality. MSPI-AM exemplifies the revolution of design and manufacturing strategies for AM and its technological enhancement and sustainable development.

Authors 6

1. Dongdong Gu corresponding

   Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

   Affiliation as printed

   Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Laser Additive Manufacturing of High-Performance Metallic Components, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China

2. Xinyu Shi

   Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

   Affiliation as printed

   Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Laser Additive Manufacturing of High-Performance Metallic Components, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China

3. Reinhart Poprawe Aachen Chair for Laser Technology LLT

   Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology · RWTH Aachen University

   Affiliation as printed

   Chair for Laser Technology LLT, RWTH Aachen/Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology ILT, D-52074 Aachen, Germany

4. David L. Bourell

   The University of Texas at Austin

   Affiliation as printed

   Laboratory for Freeform Fabrication, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA

5. Rossitza Setchi

   Cardiff University

   Affiliation as printed

   High-Value Manufacturing, School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK

6. Jihong Zhu

   Northwestern Polytechnical University

   Affiliation as printed

   State IJR Center of Aerospace Design and Additive Manufacturing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian 710072, China