Electrical Properties Tomography: A Methodological Review

Diagnostics, vol. 11, pp. 176

Abstract

Electrical properties tomography (EPT) is an imaging method that uses a magnetic resonance (MR) system to non-invasively determine the spatial distribution of the conductivity and permittivity of the imaged object. This manuscript starts by providing clear definitions about the data required for, and acquired in, EPT, followed by comprehensively formulating the physical equations underlying a large number of analytical EPT techniques. This thorough mathematical overview of EPT harmonizes several EPT techniques in a single type of formulation and gives insight into how they act on the data and what their data requirements are. Furthermore, the review describes machine learning-based algorithms. Matlab code of several differential and iterative integral methods is available upon request.

Authors 5

1. Reijer Leijsen Aachen Department of Radiology C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI

   Leiden University Medical Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands

2. Wyger M. Brink Aachen Department of Radiology C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI

   Leiden University Medical Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands

3. Cornelis A. T. van den Berg

   University Medical Center Utrecht

   Affiliation as printed

   Computational Imaging Group for MRI Diagnostics and Therapy, Centre for Image Sciences, University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3508GA Utrecht, The Netherlands

4. ANDREW G. WEBB Aachen Department of Radiology C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI

   Leiden University Medical Center

   Affiliation as printed

   Department of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands

5. Rob Remis corresponding

   Delft University of Technology

   Affiliation as printed

   Circuits and Systems Group, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computes Science, Delft University of Technology, 2628CD Delft, The Netherlands