ASL-BIDS, the brain imaging data structure extension for arterial spin labeling

Abstract

Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a non-invasive MRI technique, allowing quantitative measurement of cerebral perfusion. Incomplete or inaccurate reporting of acquisition parameters complicates quantification, analysis, and sharing of ASL data, particularly for studies across multiple sites, platforms, and ASL methods. Therefore, there is a strong need for standardization of ASL data storage, including acquisition metadata. Recently ASL-BIDS, the BIDS extension for ASL, was developed and released in BIDS 1.5.0. This manuscript provides an overview of the development and design choices of this first ASL-BIDS extension, which is mainly aimed at clinical ASL applications. The structure of the ASL data, focusing on storage order of the ASL time series and implementation of calibration approaches, unit scaling, ASL-related BIDS fields, and storage of the labeling plane information, are discussed. Additionally, an overview of ASL-BIDS compatible conversion and ASL analysis software and ASL example datasets in BIDS format is provided. It is anticipated that large-scale adoption of ASL-BIDS will improve the reproducibility of ASL research.

Authors 21

1. Patricia Clement corresponding

   Ghent University

   Affiliation as printed

   . Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (GIfMI) , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium;

   . Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (GIfMI), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;

2. Marco Castellaro

   University of Verona

   Affiliation as printed

   . Department of Neuroscience, Movement and Biomedicine , University of Verona , Verona , Italy

   . Department of Neuroscience, Movement and Biomedicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy

3. Thomas W. Okell

   University of Oxford · Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging

   Affiliation as printed

   . Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging , FMRIB Division , Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences , University of Oxford , United Kingdom;

   . Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Division, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom;

4. David Lee Thomas

   National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery · UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology · University College London

   Affiliation as printed

   . Dementia Research Centre , UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology , University College London , Queen Square , London , United Kingdom;

   . Neuroradiological Academic Unit , Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation , UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology , University College London , Queen Square , London , United Kingdom;

   . Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom;

   . Neuroradiological Academic Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square

   Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom;

5. Pieter Vandemaele

   Ghent University

   Affiliation as printed

   Universiteit Gent

   . Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (GIfMI), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;

6. Sara Elgayar

   Ain Shams University

   Affiliation as printed

   . Faculty of computers and information science , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt;

   . Faculty of computers and information science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt;

7. Aaron Oliver‐Taylor
   Affiliation as printed

   . Gold Standard Phantoms , London , United Kingdom;

   . Gold Standard Phantoms, London, United Kingdom;

8. Thomas F. Kirk

   University of Oxford

   Affiliation as printed

   . Institute of Biomedical Engineering , Department of Engineering Science , University of Oxford , Oxford , United Kingdom;

   . Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;

9. Joseph G. Woods

   University of California San Diego

   Affiliation as printed

   . Center for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Department of Radiology , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , California , United States;

   . Center for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States;

10. Sjoerd B. Vos

    National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery · UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology · University College London

    Affiliation as printed

    . Centre for Medical Image Computing , University College London , London , United Kingdom;

    . Neuroradiological Academic Unit , Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation , UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology , University College London , Queen Square , London , United Kingdom;

    . Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, United Kingdom;

    . Neuroradiological Academic Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square

    Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom;

11. Joost P.A. Kuijer

    Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers

    Affiliation as printed

    . Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine , Amsterdam University Medical Center , Amsterdam Neuroscience , Amsterdam , The Netherlands;

    . Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;

12. Eric Achten

    Ghent University

    Affiliation as printed

    . Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (GIfMI) , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium;

    . Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (GIfMI), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;

13. Matthias J.P. van Osch Aachen C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center

    Leiden University Medical Center

    Affiliation as printed

    . C.J. Gorter Center for high field MRI , Department of Radiology , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , The Netherlands;

    . C.J. Gorter Center for high field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; 13

14. bids maintainers
15. John A. Detre

    University of Pennsylvania

    Affiliation as printed

    . Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States;

    . Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States;

16. Hanzhang Lu

    Johns Hopkins University · Johns Hopkins Medicine

    Affiliation as printed

    . Department of Radiology , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , Maryland , United States;

    . Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States;

17. David C. Alsop

    Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center · Harvard University

    Affiliation as printed

    . Department of Radiology , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts , United States;

    . Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States;

18. Michael A. Chappell

    University of Nottingham · University of Oxford · Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging · Queen's Medical Centre · Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre

    Affiliation as printed

    . Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

    . Radiological Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

    . Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Center, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

    . Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Division, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom;

19. Luis Hernández-García
    Affiliation as printed

    governance.html#bids-maintainers-group

20. Jan Petr

    University of Michigan · Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf · Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers

    Affiliation as printed

    . Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine , Amsterdam University Medical Center , Amsterdam Neuroscience , Amsterdam , The Netherlands;

    . Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research , Dresden , Germany

    . Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;

    . Functional MRI Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA;

    . Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany

21. Henk J. M. M. Mutsaerts

    Ghent University · Amsterdam Neuroscience · Amsterdam University Medical Centers

    Affiliation as printed

    . Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine , Amsterdam University Medical Center , Amsterdam Neuroscience , Amsterdam , The Netherlands;

    . Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (GIfMI) , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium;

    . Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;

    . Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (GIfMI), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium;